插层改性水滑石对尼龙6阻燃及力学性能的影响  

Flammability and Mechanical Property of Nylon6 Composite Containing Dihydrogen Phosphate Anion-intercalated Layered Double Hydroxides

作　　者：刘喜山[1] 谷晓昱[1] 侯慧娟[1] 董明哲[1] 江玉[1] 张胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学教育部碳纤维及功能高分子材料重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《塑料》2013年第1期4-7,共4页Plastics

摘　　要：以尼龙6(PA6)为基体,分别用镁铝-碳酸根水滑石(CO3-LDHs)和磷酸二氢根插层改性后的镁铝水滑石(H2PO4-LDHs)作为阻燃剂,制备了PA6/CO3-LDHs和PA6/H2PO4-LDHs无卤阻燃复合材料。通过红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射(XRD)对CO3-LDHs及H2PO4--LDHs进行了结构表征,结果表明:H2PO4-成功插层进入到层间取代了CO23-。通过静态力学测试、极限氧指数(LOI)和垂直燃烧等级(UL-94)的测试,研究了水滑石对材料力学性能以及阻燃性能的影响。结果表明:H2PO4-LDHs更有利于加强PA6阻燃性能和热稳定性,并能在一定程度上提高材料的力学性能。提出了LDH的存在对PA6复合材料燃烧过程的影响机理:水滑石的层状结构能够保护分子链;层间水和结构水的释放能够稀释可燃气体并且降低材料温度;磷酸二氢根属于无机磷化物,受热分解时能够促进聚合物脱水成炭。The non-halogen flame retarded PA6 composite containing Mg-Al-CO3^2- layered double hydroxides （CO3-LDHs） and Mg-Al- H2PO4- layered double hydroxides （H2PO4-LDHs） which was modified by an anion exchange method were prepared. X-ray diffraction （XRD） and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR） were used to characterize the structures of CO3-LDHs and H2PO4-LDHs. The XRD and FTIR results showed that the CO3^2- was successfully replaced by H2PO4^-. Static mechanics test and Limiting oxygen index （LOI） and thermal gravimetric （TG） were used to characterize the mechanical property,flammability and thermal behavior of PA6 composite. It was found that the obtained composite displayed not only significant improvement in thermal stability, but also enhancement in flammability. The fire performance and tensile strength of PA6 containing HEPQ-LDHs were superior to that of PA6 containing CO3-LDHs with the same loading. The mechanism had been proposed：the lamellar structure of LDH to protect the PA6 chains;the release of the constituent water in LDH to dilute the flammable gases and decrease the temperature ;the replaced H2PO4- into LDHs molecules could promote the char formation during burning process.

关 键 词：PA6 镁铝水滑石 阻燃 熔融共混 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ342.11[化学工程—化纤工业]