宁夏干旱风沙区日光温室番茄优化施肥技术  

Optimizing Fertilization Techniques for Greenhouse Tomato Production in Ningxia Arid Aeolian Sand Region

作　　者：冯海萍[1] 曲继松[1] 郭文忠 胡凤娇 吕志涛 李晓风 张亚峰 

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院种质资源研究所,银川750002 [2]国家农业智能装备工程技术研究中心,北京00097 [3]宁夏盐池县科技局,宁夏盐池751500 [4]宁夏盐池县农业局,宁夏盐池751500

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2013年第1期143-149,共7页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：国家星火计划重大项目(2011GA880001);宁夏重大科技攻关计划(2011ZBN0401);宁夏"十二五"成果转化资金项目

摘　　要：在日光温室条件下,采用4因子5水平2次通用旋转组合设计,研究有机肥、N、P2O5和K2O施用量的综合效应。结果表明,供试土壤速效氮贫乏,相对速效磷和钾较丰富,表现为设施内高施肥特征并导致土壤轻度盐渍化;氮素是决定番茄生长发育和产量的最主要影响因子,且影响达到显著水平,4因素对番茄产量的作用表现为施氮量>施钾量>有机肥>施磷量;经计算机模拟优化,番茄产量达到8 936.67kg/667m2以上的优化方案为有机肥施用量1 610.16～1 802.42kg/667m2,施氮量为56.31～59.44kg/667m2,施磷量为28.04～31.56kg/667m2,施钾量为39.70～43.52kg/667m2;供试土壤最佳施肥水平为m(N):m(P2O5):m(K2O)=6:3:4。The comprehensive effects of the organic fertilizer,N,P2O5 and K2O were studied in tomato by the quadratic general rotary unitized design with four factors and five levels under greenhouse condition.The results showed that the tested soil was lack of available N,but was abundant in available P and K.The soil was lightly saline due to over fertilization.N is the limited factor for tomato growth and production,and the effects are significant.The effect order of four fertilizers on tomato growth is： NK2Oorganic fertilizerP2O5.By computer simulating,the optimum fertilizer application scheme was organic fertilizer 1 610.16-1 802.42 kg/667m2,N 56.31-59.44 kg/667m2,P2O5 28.04-31.56 kg/667m2,K2O 39.70-43.52 kg/667m2,the yield could be more than 8 936.67 kg/667m2.The reasonable ratio of m（N）∶m（P2O5）∶m（K2O） is 6∶3∶4.

关 键 词：通用旋转组合设计 干旱风沙区 番茄 产量 合理施肥 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]