梅花染色体周年性制片技术  

Chromosome Sectioning of Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc All the Year Around

作　　者：陈晶鑫[1] 杨冰洁[1] 杨炜茹[1] 郝瑞杰[1] 张杰[1] 张启翔[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学园林学院,北京100083

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2013年第1期150-154,共5页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项项目(201004012);"863"计划项目(2011AA100207)

摘　　要：为实现梅花染色体制片的周年取材,并在此基础上探索适宜的制片方法,以梅花品种"粉瓣"为材料,系统研究未成熟种子、种子组培胚根、1a生实生苗顶端生长点、水培接穗茎尖和正常萌动枝芽等分生组织的制片情况,改良去壁低渗火焰干燥法。结果表明,各时期分生组织均适宜进行染色体制片,对材料进行低温固定过夜、酶解、染色体制片,能够有效拉伸染色体长度,获得具有良好分裂相的染色体图像。试验克服木本材料染色体制片的季节限制,简化操作步骤,提高制片效率及品质。In order to pick out the best method of chromosome sectioning based on chromosome preparation of Prunus mume all the year around,five kinds of meristematic tissues,including the immature seeds,growing points by root tissue culture,growing points of one-year-old seedlings,stem tips of hydroponic scions and shoot buds after blooms,were obtained from cv.fenban of Prunus mume Sieb.et Zucc and served as materials.The wall degradation hypotonic flame-drying method was improved.The results showed that all tested materials were suitable for chromosome sectioning.The materials were fixed in acetic acid-alcohol under the temperature of-20 ℃ and then incubated in a pectolytic enzyme mixture at 37 ℃.After that some slides were passed through flame and air-dried.Some were dyed and pressed with cover glasses.Without pretreatment and hypotonic treatment,chromosomes stretch to a great extent.Besides,it was convenient for work and also improved the efficiency of chromosome sectioning.

关 键 词：梅花 染色体制片 分生组织 

分 类 号：S685.17[农业科学—观赏园艺]