非洲菊大孢子再生植株倍性的快速鉴定方法  

Quick Methods for Ploidy Identification in Macrosproe-derived Plants from Gerbera jamesonii Bolus

作　　者：王丽花[1,2] 杨秀梅[2] 吴学尉[1] 王继华[1] 瞿素萍[2] 李绅崇[1] 张艺萍[2] 

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院花卉研究所,云南省花卉育种重点实验室,昆明650205 [2]农业部花卉产品质量监督检验测试中心,昆明650205

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2013年第1期155-161,共7页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：云南省自然科学基金(2009ZC144M);中央补助地方科技基础条件建设项目(财教[2011]210号)

摘　　要：以非洲菊大孢子再生植株群体为材料进行倍性鉴定,并以染色体计数法的鉴定结果为依据,研究利用DNA流式细胞仪测定法、气孔保卫细胞叶绿体计数法和形态学特征鉴定非洲菊大孢子再生植株倍性的可靠性。结果表明,非洲菊大孢子再生植株是倍性水平不同的混合群体,倍性分布为单倍体、二倍体和混倍体,但不同基因型各倍性植株所占比例不同;根尖染色体计数法直观、准确,但因非洲菊染色体小且数目较多而导致计数困难;DNA流式细胞仪鉴定法的准确率达95%以上,可用于再生植株群体倍性的快速鉴定;气孔保卫细胞叶绿体计数法的准确性还有待进一步探讨;植株形态鉴定法受培养条件及评定标准的影响较大,准确率偏低。Ploidy levels of macrosproe-derived plants in Gerbera jamesonii Bolus were determined by three methods,DNA flow cytometry,chloroplast counting of stomatal guard cells and chromosome counting.The results indicated that the population of macrosproe-derived plants showed mixed ploidy levels of haploid,diploid and mixoploid,and the proportions of different ploidy levels were genotype-dependent.Ploidy identification with root tip chromosome counting is intuitive and accurate,but it is quite difficult to count for the large number of chromosomes and tiny type of Gerbera jamesonii.The accuracy of ploidy determination by the method of DNA flowcytometry reached 95%,which indicated DNA flow cytometry could be used for quick identification of ploidy levels.The method of chloroplast counting of stomatal guard cells showed poor accuracy of ploidy identification,and it needs further improving prior to practical use.The method of observer＇s judging based on morphological characteristics showed very low accuracy of ploidy identification,negatively affected by in vitro cultural condition of plants and judging criterion of different observers.

关 键 词：非洲菊 大孢子再生植株 倍性鉴定 

分 类 号：S682.11[农业科学—观赏园艺]