隧道工程高水头地下水的处治  

On Problems Caused by Ground Water with a High Water Head During Tunneling

作　　者：王建宇[1] 郑波[1] 

机构地区：[1]中铁西南科学研究院有限公司,成都611731

出　　处：《现代隧道技术》2013年第1期46-52,共7页Modern Tunnelling Technology

摘　　要：为兼顾人居生态环境保护和衬砌结构的优化,高水头富水地层中的隧道工程的地下水处治,应同时满足控制地下水排放流量和消减作用在衬砌结构上的水压力荷载两个要求。文章借助渗流理论和数值分析,得出水压力折减系数的简单表达式:β=(Q_g-Q_C)/Q_g。从而提出建议:(1)地下水水头大于60m的隧道不适宜采用全封堵型衬砌,在衬砌中必须设置完善的地下水排导系统;(2)地下水排放流量的控制主要通过围岩注浆而不是衬砌封堵;(3)衬砌排水系统通畅的关键是保证防水板背后透水垫层的足够厚度。Considering both protection of the ecological environment and optimum design of the lining structure, it is important to not only control ground water loss caused by tunneling, but also decrease the water pressure on the lining. By means of seepage analysis and numerical methods, a simple formula which shows a decreasing coefficient of water pressure is presented as follows： It is concluded that： l） when the ground water head is higher than 60m, a waterproof lin- ing is not suitable and an ideal drainage system should be set up with the lining; 2） instead of sealing the lining, ground grouting is an effective measure to limit water inflow from the ground; and 3） the thickness of the permeable layer behind the waterproof membrane is an important parameter for the drainage system.

关 键 词：隧道防排水 高水头 地下水 衬砌水压力 围岩注浆 

分 类 号：U451.2[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程] U453.61[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]