环境约束下中国农业全要素生产率增长及收敛分析  

Growth and Convergence of Agricultural Total Factor Productivity in China Under Environmental Regulations

作　　者：韩海彬[1,2] 赵丽芬[3] 

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学应用经济学博士后流动站,北京100081 [2]天津广播电视大学经管学院,天津300191 [3]中央财经大学经济学院,北京100081

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2013年第3期70-76,共7页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：天津市哲学社会科学研究规划项目(编号:TJYY12-093)

摘　　要：利用单元调查评估方法对农业面源污染进行核算,并将其作为农业生产过程中的"坏"产出指标纳入农业全要素生产率(TFP)评价模型,采用Malmquist-Luenberger生产率指数方法分析1993-2010年环境约束下中国29个省份农业TFP增长,并对其收敛性进行了检验。研究表明:①环境约束下中国各地区农业TFP在考察期内均取得了一定程度的增长,并且该增长主要是由农业技术进步推动,但是各地区的农业技术效率却出现了不同程度的恶化;②从地区差异来看,环境约束下中国各地区农业TFP在增长的同时呈现东、西、中部地区依次递减;③当不考虑环境因素时,全国范围以及中、西部地区的农业TFP平均增长率分别比考虑环境因素时提高0.88%、1.71%和2.35%,但是东部地区却比考虑环境因素时降低1.01%;④环境约束下中国各地区农业TFP都存在σ收敛和绝对β收敛,但是σ收敛趋势并不稳定,σ值呈现出显著的波动特征。Using the unit investigation and evaluation method, this paper calculates the agricultural non-point source pollution taken as non-ideal output and incorporates it into the model of agricultural total factor productivity （TFP）. Then this paper applying the Malmquist-Luenberger productivity index method analyses the growth of agricultural TFP under environmental regulations of 29 provinces in China from 1993 to 2010. On this basis, this paper tested the convergence hypothesis of the agricultural TFP under environmental regulations. The results show as follows： firstly, the agricultural TFP growth under environmental regulations is slightly positive and it is mainly driven by the frontier technological progress, however, the technological efficiency tends to decline for each province in China. Secondly the agricultural TFP growth under environmental regulations of the eastern, western and central regions has reduced in turn. Thirdly, without the consideration of environmental pollution the index of agricultural TFP whether in China or central China and western China areas can increase by 0.88% ,1.71% and 2.35%, respectively, however, the index of agricultural TFP in eastern China can reduce by 1.01%. Lastly, there is unstable σ convergence and stable absolute β convergence in the agricultural TFP under environmental regulations of all regions, and the σ value presents significant fluctuation characteristics.

关 键 词：单元调查评估方法 农业全要素生产率 环境约束 Malmquist—Luenberger生产率指数 

分 类 号：F205[经济管理—国民经济]