衡山石膏矿地面塌陷机理的FLAC^(3D)模拟  

FLAC^(3D) Simulation of Mechanism of Surface Subsidence in a Gypsum Mine,Hengshan

作　　者：贺桂成[1,2] 刘永[1] 张志军[1] 丁德馨[1] 

机构地区：[1]南华大学核资源与核燃料工程学院,湖南衡阳市421001 [2]中南大学资源与安全工程学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2013年第1期73-76,109,共5页Mining Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51004067);教育部重点基金项目(2011-126);高校博士学科点专项基金项目(20104324120001)

摘　　要：采用FLAC3D对衡山县石膏矿闭坑前后空区引发的地面塌陷机理进行了分析,并对该矿不同采场结构参数的地表沉陷进行了模拟。研究结果表明:该矿闭坑后采空区顶板和矿柱的最大位移分别是闭坑前的7倍和10倍;闭坑前矿柱已严重破坏,闭坑后矿柱不足以支承上覆围岩压力而引起采空区顶板垮落,形成垮落拱;采空区边界的围岩受顶板垮落的影响,产生应力集中,造成其沿采空区边界整体剪切滑移失稳,进而诱发顶板整体垮落,最终在地表形成"漏斗型"塌陷区;地面塌陷区的影响范围距采空区边界约80m;矿房跨度为10m、矿柱跨度为4m是该地区石膏矿最合理的采场结构参数。The mechanism of surface collapse caused by mined-out area before and after the ending of mining in a gypsum mine, Hengshan was simulated and analyzed with FLAC3D, and the surface subsidence caused by mining under different structural parameters of stope was simulated. The results of study showed that the maximum displacements of the roof of mined-out area and the interval pillars after the ending of mining are the seven times and the ten times of that before the ending of mining respectively the interval pillars have been damaged seriously before the ending ofmining, the roof caving of mined-out areas induces caving arch to forming as the interval pillars can＇t support the pres- sure caused by the overlying rock after the ending of mining; the stress concentration in the boundary rock of mined-out areas caused by roof caving induces the shear slipping insta- bility of surrounding rock along the boundary of mined-out areas, and then induces the overall falling of the roof, and subsidence funnel forms on the surface finally; the influence line of surface subsidence is about 80 m far from the bounda- ry of mined-out areas~ the suitable structural parameters of stope are room width 10 m and interval pillar width 4m for the gypsum mines in Hengshan area.

关 键 词：房柱法 石膏矿 垮落拱 地面塌陷机理 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TD853.32[矿业工程—金属矿开采]