未知主应力方向残余应力的压痕应变法测量及其程序设计  

Residual Stress Measurement of Unknown Principal Stress Direction by Indentation Strain-gage Method and Its Program Design

作　　者：刘生[1] 陈怀宁[1] 陈静[1] 黄春玲[1] 刘英 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院金属研究所,辽宁沈阳110016 [2]中国水利水电第一工程局有限公司机电安装分局,吉林长春130062

出　　处：《压力容器》2013年第2期36-40,共5页Pressure Vessel Technology

摘　　要：对单向应力状态的16Mn钢标定试板,采用压痕应变法研究了表面应力状态与应变增量和"方向角"的关系。结果表明,在试件表面球形压痕周围的弹性区,某方向上的应变增量与该方向上的弹性应变和相应的"方向角"有关;单向拉伸应力过大时,在任意与加载方向夹角小于15°方向的法线方向上都可能产生偏离现象。基于上述试验规律,采用Delphi语言设计出了在未知主应力方向情况下,压痕应变法的残余应力专用计算软件。测试表明,该软件有很好的实用性并且计算的结果有较高的精确度。The relationship between the surface stress state of 16Mn steel calibration sample which was under uniaxial stress state, the strain increment and direction angle was studied by indentation strain - gage method. The results show that in the elastic zone around the spherical indentation, the strain incre- ment in a certain direction is related to the elastic strain level and the direction angle. Deviation will hap- pen in the normal directions of some directions when the angles between these directions and loading di- rection are smaller than 15° and uniaxial tensile stress is big enough. Based on the above experiment re- sults, a residual stress calculation special program of indentation strain - gage method is implemented u- sing Delphi language. Tests indicate, the program which can be used in the situation of principal stress di- rection unknown has a better practicality and its calculation results show a higher accuracy.

关 键 词：残余应力 压痕应变法 主应力方向 DELPHI程序 

分 类 号：TH123[机械工程—机械设计及理论] TG113.25[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]