德国植物新品种保护制度实施框架、特点及启示  

New Plant Variety Protection System in Germany:Implementation Framework, Characteristics and Implication

作　　者：张彩霞[1] 周衍平[2] 

机构地区：[1]济南大学经济学院,济南250002 [2]山东科技大学经济管理学院,山东青岛266510

出　　处：《世界林业研究》2013年第1期74-78,共5页World Forestry Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目植物品种权价值链衔接模式;演化机制及其优化管理(71173138);植物品种权有效实施的运作模式及其管理制度(70773071)

摘　　要：具有60多年历史的德国植物新品种保护制度促进了德国种子产业的发展。在德国植物新品种保护制度的法律框架下,德国联邦品种局、联邦育种者协会、种子托管公司等机构在农作物新品种测试与授权,育种者研发资金资助及知识产权要素投入,监督许可证和打击种子黑市,以及收取自留种子费用中发挥了重要作用。受农作物品种、育种者,以及市场环境因素的影响,德国育种者权利实施方式多样。文中分析了德国植物新品种保护制度的实施框架和特点,提出了德国育种者权利实现的经验及启示,以期促进我国植物新品种保护制度的有效实施。The German New Plant Variety Protection system has promoted its agricultural seeds industry since the 1940s. Under the German legislative framework of the new plant variety protection system, the federal agency of the BAS （Bundessortenamt）, the non-government organizations of the BDP （Bundesverband Deutseher Pflanzenztichter e. V. ）and the STV （Saatgut-Treuhandverwaltungs GmbH ）which stands for the interests of German breeders have played very important roles in new plant variety testing and accreditation, funding for the development and research activities by plant breeders, intellectual property inputs, supervising plant breeders＇ right licensing, regulating black seeds market and collecting harvested seeds licensing fees. There are many different models for German plant breeders to practice their rights, which are affected by plant varieties, plant breeders, market conditions, etc. The paper analyzed the implementation framework and characteristics of German new plant variety protection system, and proposed to learn the experiences and implications of German plant breeders＇ right practicing, with the expectation to promote the effective implementation of China＇s new plant variety protection system.

关 键 词：德国 植物新品种保护制度 育种者权利 实施 

分 类 号：F351.6[经济管理—产业经济]