南方根结线虫诱发新疆野生樱桃李形成的根结形态和发育  

Morphology and development of root knot in Xinjiang wild Myrobalan plum infected by Meloidogyne incognita

作　　者：刘青[1] 乔峰[1] 朱翔[1] 卢崇烈[1] 李天忠[1] 胡建芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100193

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2013年第1期101-107,共7页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30971981和30972066)

摘　　要：以新疆野生樱桃李(Prunus sogdiana Vassilcz.)扦插苗为试材,通过人工接种南方根结线虫(Meloidogyneincognita)鉴定其抗性,同时对抗病与感病单株在接种后的酶活性变化以及根结的形成发育过程进行了研究。结果表明:新疆野生樱桃李对根结线虫抗性发生分离,大部分单株表现为感病,只有28%单株表现为抗病,并且其抗性与本试验室之前克隆得到的抗根结线虫相关基因psoRPM1的表达存在着相关关系。接种根结线虫后CAT、POD酶在抗病植株中的活性高于感病植株,说明它们可能参与了抗根结线虫的生理过程,而PPO和PAL活性则在接种后7～14日抗病植株高于感病植株,之后在两者之间差异不大。接种根结线虫后线虫由皮层进入中柱,并在10d时观察到形成了大量多核的巨型细胞,随后巨型细胞经过发育到接种后22d可观察到根系开始出现明显的根结。接种后30d观察到巨型细胞出现空洞。The resistance of Xinjiang wild Myrobalan plum to Meloidogyne incognita was studied through the artificial inoculation. The effects of nematode infection on the activities of the related enzymes were investigated and compared between the nematode-resistant and susceptible plants. The morphological development of root knot formed by Meloidogyne incognita was studied. Resistance segregation was observed between the wild Myrobalan plum plants. Most of them were susceptible while 28% were resistant to Meloidogyne incognita. The phenotype was related to the gene psoRPM1. The activities of CAT and POD were rather higher in the resistant variety than susceptible ones,which might imply that they possibly played roles in the resistant process. Compared to susceptible plants, the activities of PPO and PAL in resistant variety were higher than 7-14 DAI （days after inoculation）,then maintained at a same level. The root-knot nematode migrated through the cortex to the stele. Microscopic analysis of samples at 10 DAI showed that some giant cells exsited in the infected roots. As the development of giant cells, root knots were observed 22 DAI. Some giant cells in plants were devoid of any cytoplasm in 30 DAI.

关 键 词：新疆野生樱桃李 根结线虫 抗性 酶活性 巨型细胞 

分 类 号：S662.3[农业科学—果树学] S154.386[农业科学—园艺学]