抑制芳香化酶活性对鸡性腺分化的影响  

Effect of Aromatase Inhibition on Sex Differentiation of the Chicken

作　　者：杨巍[1] 张才乔[1] 乔惠理[1] 夏国良[1] 马云飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学生物学院,北京100094

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2000年第3期233-235,共3页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金;北京市自然科学基金!(No.39970535和No.6992019)

摘　　要：鸟类性腺的分化除抗缪氏管激素和雄激素的参与外，雌激素也调节这一过程。雌激素的合成由芳香化酶催化而成。在性分化前用芳香化酶抑制剂（AI）阻断芳香化酶的活性，以抑制雌激素的合成，雌性鸡胚的性腺则可发育成为雄性。本实验在受精卵性分化前注入AI、睾酮（T）、或AI+T, 取出七日龄雏鸡性腺并按常规方法进行石蜡切片和染色。结果表明：AI及AI+T处理的雌性鸡胚发生了性腺反转。性反转雌鸡的性腺左侧大于右侧，但是右侧转化更完全，内部出现许多细精管；T组与对照组、注射AI+T组与AI组之间均无明显差异。由此可见：在胚胎期芳香化酶影响着性腺的分化，阻断雌激素的生成可引起雌性性腺的形态结构朝着雄性方向发展，但两侧性腺发生了不同程度的反转,右侧雄性化更为完全。The differentiation of avian gonads is affected by the anti-M ullerian duct hormone, androgen and estrogen. Estrogen plays a very i mportant role in the feminization of the gonads. The synthesis of estr ogen is catalyzed by aromatase. The female chicken gonads can develop into male when the activity of aromatase is blocked by aromatase inhib itor(AI) before sexual differentiation. In the present experiment, the fertilized eggs were injected with AI, testosterone(T), or AI+T befor e sexual differentiation. The gonads were removed from the 7-day-old c hicks and were embedded in paraffin for histological study. The result s showed that the gonads of the female chickens treated with AI and AI +T were reversed into male. The left gonads were larger than the right gonads, but the right side was better reversed with many seminiferous tubules in the reversed gonads. There were no obvious differences bet ween AI+T and AI group. These results suggest that inhibition of aroma tase before sexual differentiation causes morphological changes of the female gonads towards the male gonads. The right gonads display bette r masculine reversal after aromatase inhibition.

关 键 词：鸡 性反转 性腺分化 芳香化酶 

分 类 号：S831.1[农业科学—畜牧学]