西伯利亚白刺种子休眠和萌发特性研究  

Dormancy and germination characteristics of Nirtaria sibirica seeds

作　　者：梅新娣[1,2] 刘蕾[1] 孙静茹[1] 王宁宁[1] 邓文红[1] 沈应柏[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学生命科学与技术学院,北京100083 [2]新疆大学生命科学与技术学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《中草药》2013年第4期473-477,共5页Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30871727);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20090014110014);国家自然科学资助重点项目(30330490)

摘　　要：目的探寻破除西伯利亚白刺种子休眠的方法,提高其发芽率。方法采用温水催芽、低温沙藏、98%浓硫酸、GA等不同方法对种子进行处理后的发芽试验,测定发芽率、发芽势、到达发芽高峰期的时间。结果温水催芽的发芽率和发芽势分别为30%和10%,种子7 d开始萌动,10 d达到发芽高峰。低温沙藏37 d的发芽率和发芽势分别为55.5%、26.5%,种子2 d开始萌动,10 d达到发芽高峰。低温沙藏95 d的发芽率和发芽势分别为86.8%、60.3%,种子2 d开始萌动,7 d达到发芽高峰。98%浓硫酸处理2 h的发芽率和发芽势均为90%,种子1 d开始萌动,4 d达到发芽高峰。98%浓硫酸处理2 h后播种在MS+0.5 g/mL GA+0.5 g/mL BA的暗培养基上,发芽率和发芽势均为98.1%,种子1 d开始萌动,4 d达到发芽高峰。结论西伯利亚白刺种子休眠属种壳休眠,98%浓硫酸处理2 h后接种于MS+0.5 g/mL BA+0.5 g/mL GA的暗培养基上培养,打破硬实种子休眠效果最好,发芽率最高。Objective To break the seed dormancy and improve the germination rate of the Nirtaria sibirica seeds. Methods N. sibirica seeds were treated with soaking in warm water, storing with moisture sand, and immersing seed in H2SO4 （98%） and gibberellic acid （GA）, then the germination rate, germination vigor, and germination peak period of the seeds were determined. Results The germination rate and germination vigor were 30% and 10% under soaking in warm water. The seeds began to germinate on the day 7 and reached the germination peak on the day 10. The germination rate and germination vigor were 55.5% and 26.5% under storing with moisture sand for 37 d. The seeds began to germinate on the day 2 and reached the germination peak on the day 10. The germination rate and germination vigor were 86.8% and 60.3% under storing with moisture sand for 95 d. The seeds began to germinate on the day 2 arid reached the germination peak on the day 7. The germination rate and germination vigor were both 90.0% under being treated with 98% H2SO4 for 2 h. The seeds began to germinate on the day 1 and reached the germination peak on the day 4. Seeds after being treated with 98% H2SO4 for 2 h were sowed on the dark medium of MS ＋ 0.5 g/mL BA ＋ 0.5 g/mL GA, and the germination rote and germination vigor both reached to 98.1%. The seeds began to germinate on the day 1 and reached the germination peak on the day 4. Conclusion The dormancy ofN. sibirica seeds is caused by hard seed vessels. The best way of breaking the seed dormancy is first treated with 98% H2SO4 for 2 h and then cultured in the dark medium of MS ＋ 0.5 g/mL BA ＋ 0.5 g/mL GA, which could effectively break the dormancy of hard seeds and reach a high germination rate.

关 键 词：西伯利亚白刺 种子休眠 萌发 低温沙藏 温水催芽 

分 类 号：R282.21[医药卫生—中药学]