黄土旱区作物-水分模型  

Crop-water model for arid cropland in loess plateau

作　　者：梁银丽[1] 山仑[1] 康绍忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《水利学报》2000年第9期86-90,共5页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

基　　金：中国科学院"九五"重大 (KZ951A1 30 1)和"九五"特别支持 (KZ95T 0 4 0 11项目;中澳合作ACIAR (LWR1/95/ 0 7)项目;国家"九五

摘　　要：本文依据田间试验数据 ,采用Jensen模式 ,研究了黄土旱区冬小麦、春玉米这两种优势作物的—水分模型 .研究结果表明 ,小麦在播种～返青期缺水敏感指数 (λ)最大 ,对缺水最为敏感 ;拔节～抽穗期次之 ,然后是抽穗～灌浆期 ,而灌浆～成熟期和返青～拔节期的敏感性最小 .总耗水量在 32 0～ 42 0mm之间 ,灌水量为 2 6 0～ 30 0mm左右、且分布在冬前和拔节～抽穗期是节水高产高效的灌水模式 .玉米拔节 -抽穗期和抽穗 -灌浆期对缺水最敏感 ,拔节前和灌浆 -成熟期敏感性小 .说明拔节后到抽穗期补水对产量作用最大 ,其次为抽穗 -灌浆期 .Based on the field experimental data in this paper,the crop\|water supply strategy for winter wheat and corn in farming land of arid plateau is studied.The results show that,for winter wheat,the water stress sensitivity index in Jensen model during seeding\|greening phase reaches the highest value and reaches the second highest value during booting to heading stage.It changes to the third highest value from heading to filling phase.The most important irrigation for crop production is the irrigation before winter and the second important one is during booting and heading phase.The third one is during heading and filling phase.Irrigation in other growth phases is not very important.Optimum irrigation quantity and total water consumption for high drop yield and high water use efficiency are experimentally determined.

关 键 词：作物-水模型 水分敏感性 水分敏感性 供水 冬小 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]