锻炼动机量表(MPAM-R)简化版的构建和信效度分析  

The Simplified Version of the MPAM-R: Reliability and Validity

作　　者：陈善平[1] 王云冰[1] 容建中[1] 潘秀刚[1] 包静[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学体育中心,陕西西安710049 [2]西北大学体育部,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《北京体育大学学报》2013年第2期66-70,78,共6页Journal of Beijing Sport University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(07XTY003);陕西省教育科学"十二五"规划2012年度课题(SGH12243)

摘　　要：为了更简便地测量锻炼动机,把MPAM-R中文版精简为15个题项的简化量表。采用2 072名大学生的调查数据,对锻炼动机简化量表进行了信度和效度检验。结果表明:1)锻炼动机量表中文简化版的信效度达到心理测量学标准。简化量表保持了原锻炼动机量表的理论结构,包含了对乐趣、能力、外貌、健康和社交5类锻炼动机的测量;简化量表能够用更少的题目全面测量锻炼动机全量表反映的测试内容和理论结构,是一个效率更高的测量工具。2)除外貌动机与锻炼频率的相关不具有显著性外,锻炼动机总分、其余4种锻炼动机与锻炼频率、锻炼时间、锻炼强度、锻炼承诺、锻炼坚持显著性正相关。3)内部动机对锻炼行为的激发和维持作用大于外部动机;锻炼动机对锻炼行为持续性的影响作用比对锻炼行为即时性特征的影响更明显。4)大学生锻炼动机由强到弱排序是:健康、乐趣、社交、外貌和能力。其中能力动机最弱,说明大学生内部锻炼动机不足,不利于锻炼行为的激发和坚持。5)男大学生的健康动机、社交动机、能力动机比女生强,外貌动机比女大学生弱。For measuring exercise motivation simply, the MPAM-R was reduced to new scales with 15 items. The simplified version of the MPAM-R was tested on its reliability and validity based on an exercise motivation survey of 2 072 students. The results show that ： 1 ） The simplified version of the MPAM-R was a reliable and valid meas-ure for assessing exercise motivation. And the simplified scales can measure the all theoretical structure of the o- riginal scales with half items, including enjoyment, competence, appearance, fitness and social, so that the sim- plified scales are a more efficient tool. 2） There were significant positive correlations between exercise motivations and attributes of exercise, except the correlation between appearance and frequency of exercise. 3 ） Exercise moti-vation impacted on exercise persistence more intensive than on instant attributes of exercise; Intrinsic motivations had more effect than extrinsic motivations to promote exercise. 4） The exercise motivations of college students was ordered by intensity as fitness, enjoyment, social, appearance and competence. The last position of competence indicated that intrinsic motivations of college students were weak, so it is hard to promote exercise. 5 ） The fit-ness, social and competence motivation of male students were stronger than the female student＇ s, but female students had stronger appearance motivation than male students.

关 键 词：锻炼动机 MPAM-R 心理测量 信度检验 效度检验 锻炼行为 

分 类 号：G807.4[文化科学—体育训练]