儿童直立性高血压的年龄与性别差异  

Differences of age and gender in children with orthostatic hypertension

作　　者：康美华[1] 许毅[1] 王成[1] 吴礼嘉[1] 祝立平[1] 冉静[1] 林萍[1] 李芳[1] 储卫红[1] 李云利[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅二医院儿童医学中心儿童心血管专科,中南大学儿科学研究所,长沙410011

出　　处：《中华实用儿科临床杂志》2013年第1期24-26,共3页Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics

基　　金：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划（2012BAI03B03）;湖南省科技厅资助项目（2012FJ3127）

摘　　要：目的探讨儿童直立性高血压（OHT）的年龄与性别差异。方法选择2000年1月至2012年8月在中南大学湘雅二医院儿童晕厥专科门诊就诊或住院的不明原因晕厥、头痛、头晕、胸闷、叹气等儿童2089例[年龄2．00-17．92岁（10．79±2．94）岁]，进行直立倾斜试验（HUTT）检查，符合OHT者498例，分为〈12岁组和≥12岁组，分析OHT出现率、HUTT结果及其反应类型、HUTT 3min内收缩压与舒张压升高值的年龄与性别差异。结果1．HUTT中儿童OHT出现率为23．84％（498／2089例），男童多于女童（25．93％比21．63％，χ^2=5．316，P〈0．05），〈12岁组与≥12岁组比较差异有统计学意义（20．48％比28．05％，χ^2=16．256，P〈0．01）。2．OHT儿童HUTT阳性率的年龄和性别比较：性别比较显示女童高于男童（48．6％比38．1％，χ^2=5．539，P〈0．05）；年龄比较显示≥12岁组明显高于〈12岁组（51．5％比33．2％，χ^2=17．084，P〈0．01）；OHT儿童HUTT阳性结果无心脏抑制型，混合型与血管抑制型比较年龄差异无统计学意义（17．7％比20．1％，χ^2=0．188，P〉0．05）；性别比较混合型女童较男童多见（25．2％比13．2％，χ^2=4．955，P〈0．05）。3．OHT儿童HUTT 3min内收缩压与舒张压上升值比较：〈12岁组与≥12岁组差异无统计学意义（t=1．029、0．958，P〉0．05）；男女比较在〈12岁组（t=1．098、0．644，P〉0．05）及≥12岁组（t=1．100、0．882，P〉0．05）差异均无统计学意义。结论儿童OHT主要见于≥12岁男童，HUTT 3min内收缩压及舒张压上升值未见年龄和性别差异。Objective To explore the differences of age and gender in children with orthostatic hypertension （OHT）. Methods Choosing 2089 cases of unexplained syncope, headache, dizziness, bosom was frowsty, sigh in children aged 2.00 - 17.92 years old [ （ 10.79 ±2.94 ） years old ] who were outpatients of children specialist out-patient syncope or had been hospitalized in the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from Jan. 2000 to Aug. 2012,498 patients with the OHT by the head-up tilt table test （ HUTT）. The patients were divided into 〈 12 years old group and ≥ 12 years old group according to the age. The occurrence rate, HUTT results and reaction type, vertical 3 minutes systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure increment in OHT and their relationship with age and gender were analyzed. Results 1. The occurrence rate of OHT in HUTT of children ：23.84% （498/2089 cases）, male was more than female（25.93% vs 21.63% ,χ^2 = 5. 316,P 〈 0.05）, there was difference between 〈 12 years old group and ≥ 12 years old groups （20.48 % vs 28.05 % ,χ^2 = 16. 256, P 〈 0.01 ）. 2. The positive H UIT of age and gender in OHT children ：female were more than male according to the gender（48.6% vs 38.1% ,χ^2 = 5. 539, P 〈 0.05 ）, ≥ 12 years old group was significantly more than 〈 12 years old group according to the age（51.5% vs 33.2% ,χ^2 = 17. 084, P 〈0.01 ）. The positive HUTT had not been found cardio inhibitory types in OHT of children. There was no significant difference between mixed types and vessel inhibitory types according to the age （ 17.7% vs 20.1% ,χ^2 = 0. 188, P 〉 0. 05）. Female were more than male in mixed types according to the gender（25.2% vs 13.2% ,χ^2= 4. 955, P 〈 0. 05 ）. 3. The systolic and diastolic blood pressure increment within 3 minutes during HUTT comparison in OHT children：there was no difference between 〈 12 years old group and ≥12 years old groups（t = 1. 029,0. 958 ,P 〉0.05）. In 〈12 years old group （t = 1.

关 键 词：直立性高血压 倾斜试验 年龄 性别 儿童 

分 类 号：R72[医药卫生—儿科]