肿瘤化疗中止吐药物的合理应用  

The Reasonable Application of Antiemetic in Tumor Chemotherapy

作　　者：陈文举[1] 宋金森[1] 方惠娟[1] 吕亚新[1] 毛晶晶[1] 李秋莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军第150中心医院,洛阳471031

出　　处：《中国药事》2013年第2期209-214,共6页Chinese Pharmaceutical Affairs

摘　　要：目的通过对化疗引起恶心呕吐的机理及止吐药物等相关方面的综述,为临床合理使用止吐药物提供参考。方法通过回顾性研究国内外相关临床试验和有关文献,对CINV的类型及其发生机制,止吐药物的种类、作用机制、药代动力学、联合用药、注意事项及临床应用等方面进行阐述。结果针对患者的具体情况及不同的CINV类型,选择不同的止吐方案,可以达到较好的止吐效果,5-HT3受体拮抗剂联合其他作用机制不同的止吐药物已经成为治疗急性CINV的首选一线方案,但对难治性CINV和延迟性CINV的治疗效果尚不理想。结论须对化疗致吐机制进行深入研究,开发新型止吐药物,单用或联合使用不同作用机制药物,采用个体化用药的手段,有效控制各种CINV,达到用药合理性与经济性的统一。Objective To review the mechanism of nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy and antiemetic so as to guide clinical rational use of antiemetic. Methods The type of CINV, its mechanism, the type of antiemetic drugs, mechanism of action, pharmaeokinetics, drug combination, notes, and clinical applications were explained by retrospective study on clinical trials and the literature at home and abroad. Results Different antiemetie plans were selected according to specific conditions of patients and different types of CINV, so as to achieve a better antiemetic effect. 5-HT3 receptor antagonist in combination with other antiemetic of various mechanisms has become the first-line for treating acute CINV, but the therapeutic effect on refractory CINV and delayed CINV is not yet ideal. Conclusion Deep study shall be conducted on the mechanism of nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy, as well as development on novel antiemetic, single-use or combination use of antiemetic, and personalized medicine, so as to control different CINV effectively, and realize the unify of rationality and economy.

关 键 词：肿瘤化疗 止吐药物 恶心呕吐 作用机制 合理应用 

分 类 号：R975.4[医药卫生—药品] R969.3[医药卫生—药学]