A wound-induced small polypeptide gene family is upregulated in soybean nodules  

作　　者：LI XiaoLin XU Ji YU GuanQiao LUO Li 

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics,Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology,Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences

出　　处：《Chinese Science Bulletin》2013年第9期1003-1009,共7页

基　　金：supported by National Key Basic Research Program of China(2011CB100702 and 2010CB126501);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31070218);Shanghai Municipal Natural Science Foundation(09ZR1436500);Knowledge Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(2009KIP206)

摘　　要：Small peptides function as key signals in processes,such as plant cell differentiation,organ development and defenses to biotic stresses.A large number of small peptide precursor genes have been predicted from the analysis of the soybean(Glycine max) whole genome DNA sequence.However,most of these genes have unknown characteristics and functions.In this report,we systemically searched for the gene families of small peptide precursors that are up-regulated in soybean nitrogen-fixing root nodules.We found 212 genes(encoding peptides shorter than 150 amino acids) that were up-regulated,and among them,79 genes belong to 38 multiple-gene families,but the other 133 genes are unique.Twenty-eight of 38 families are conserved in Arabidopsis,but the other 10 only exist in legumes.We also identified 16 out of the 38 members of the wound-induced polypeptide(WIP) gene family to be upregulated in nitrogen-fixing nodules.We further analyzed homologs of WIP genes in Medicago,Lotus,Arabidopsis and Oryza species and found that a few homologous genes from Medicago truncatula and Lotus japonicus were also upregulated in their nodules and some WIP genes were induced by specific fungal pathogens on soybean and rice.Structure prediction indicated that all WIP prepropeptides contain a conserved DUF3774 domain(including two hydrophobic regions) and most of them have an N-terminal signal sequence.Fluorescence microscopy analysis of two WIP prepropeptides fused to GFP revealed that these proteins are located on the plasma membrane of tobacco leaf cells.Interestingly,34 soybean WIP genes are clustered onto three soybean chromosomes,different from known peptide gene families(such as CLE).Among them,11 highly identical genes are aligned on the 6th chromosome,12 on the 12th,and 11 on the 13th chromosomes.Most of WIP genes from the 12th chromosome share the highest identities with their homologs on the 13th chromosome,suggesting that ancestral WIP genes could have originated from the 13th chromosome,then spread onto the 12th chromosome by chromSmall peptides function as key signals in processes, such as plant cell differentiation, organ development and defenses to biotic stresses. A large number of small peptide precursor genes have been predicted from the analysis of the soybean （Glycine max） whole genome DNA sequence. However, most of these genes have unknown characteristics and functions. In this report, we systemically searched for the gene families of small peptide precursors that are up-regulated in soybean nitrogen-fixing root nodules. We found 212 genes （encoding peptides shorter than 150 amino acids） that were up-regulated, and among them, 79 genes belong to 38 multiple-gene families, but the other 133 genes are unique. Twenty-eight of 38 families are conserved in Arabidopsis, but the other 10 only exist in legumes. We also identified 16 out of the 38 members of the wound-induced polypeptide （WIP） gene family to be upregulated in nitrogen-fixing nodules. We further analyzed homologs of WIP genes in Medicago, Lotus, Arabidopsis and Oryza species and found that a few homologous genes from Medicago truncatula and Lotus japonicus were also upregulated in their nodules and some WIP genes were induced by specific fungal pathogens on soybean and rice. Structure prediction indicated that all WIP prepropeptides contain a conserved DUF3774 domain （including two hydrophobic regions） and most of them have an N-terminal signal sequence. Fluorescence microscopy analysis of two WlP prepropeptides fused to GFP revealed that these proteins are located on the plasma membrane of tobacco leaf cells. Interestingly, 34 soybean W1P genes are clustered onto three soybean chromosomes, different from known peptide gene families （such as CLE）. Among them, 11 highly identical genes are aligned on the 6th chromosome, 12 on the 12th, and 11 on the 13th chromosomes. Most of WIP genes from the 12th chromosome share the highest identities with their homologs on the 13th chromosome, suggesting that ancestral WIP genes could have originated from the 13th chr

关 键 词：基因家族 大豆根瘤 多肽 创伤诱导 蛋白质结构预测 第6号染色体 绿色荧光蛋白 12号染色体 

分 类 号：Q943.2[生物学—植物学]