高速列车A7N01S铝合金车体横梁失效原因分析  

Failure Analysis of High-speed Train Body Beam of A7N01S Aluminum Alloy

作　　者：张明月[1] 谭梦蕾 张民安 陈辉[1] 周弋琳[1] 刘金博[1] 陈煜[3] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学材料科学与工程学院,四川成都610031 [2]中国铁路物资成都有限公司,四川成都610031 [3]兰州交通大学机电学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《材料科学与工程学报》2013年第1期112-117,共6页Journal of Materials Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划资助项目（2009BAGl2A04一D02）;中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目（SWJTUl2CX047）

摘　　要：某型高速列车车体横梁与补强板的焊缝处出现裂纹并发生断裂。为确定失效机理，对断裂部位宏观形貌、金相组织、化学成分及断口形貌等进行分析。研究表明，横梁失效主要是由近缝区母材的液化裂纹、焊缝处的结晶裂纹、未熔合和气孔等缺陷引起的。这些缺陷主要是源于焊接线能量过大、其它焊接参数选择不当以及焊接结构设计不合理。When welded with a reinforcement plate, the body beam of a high-speed train was found to have cracked and even fractured around the weld seams. The failure cause was investigated through macroscopic feature, metallographic examination, chemical composition analysis and fracture morphology etc. Results show that the cracking is mainly caused by liquation crack in the mother material near the weld, solidification cracking in the weld, incomplete fusion and stomata etc. High welding energy, unreasonable welding parameters and improper welding structure design are main reasons for those deficiencies.

关 键 词：车体横梁 液化裂纹 结晶裂纹 焊接参数 

分 类 号：TG457[金属学及工艺—焊接]