马铃薯干腐病菌拮抗放线菌JY-22的抑菌作用及菌株鉴定  

Inhibitory effect and identification of an antagonistic actinomyces strain JY-22 against Fusarium solani causing potato dry rot

作　　者：孙现超[1,2] 彭健芳[1] 张宁[1] 史梦蝶[1] 周常勇[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学植物保护学院植物病害生物学重庆市高校级重点实验室,重庆400716 [2]中国农业科学院柑桔研究所国家柑桔工程技术研究中心,重庆400712

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2013年第1期38-44,共7页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：教育部"长江学者和创新团队发展计划"(IRT0976);重庆市自然科学基金(CSTC.2010BB1122)

摘　　要：为了进一步明确拮抗放线菌JY-22对马铃薯干腐病的生防潜力,采用生长速率法和孢子萌发法测定了JY-22无菌发酵液(JY-22SFB)对马铃薯干腐病菌的抑菌作用及抑菌活性稳定性。JY-22SFB原液对马铃薯干腐病菌菌丝生长和孢子萌发均有很强的抑制作用,抑制率分别为74.5%和100%,其中对孢子萌发的抑制效果与浓度为30 mg/mL的化学药剂50%多菌灵相当。JY-22SFB处理后马铃薯干腐病菌菌丝生长畸形、易断裂。JY-22SFB对热处理和紫外线照射处理具有很好的稳定性,水浴80℃处理3 h和紫外线照射30 min对其抑菌活性没有影响。JY-22SFB浸泡处理可明显降低马铃薯干腐病菌的致病性。通过形态和分子鉴定,确定该菌属链霉菌属吸水链霉菌Streptomy-ces hygroscopicus。研究表明菌株JY-22在马铃薯干腐病生物防治中具有潜在的利用价值。In order to understand the potential of antagonist for biological control against Fusarium sola- ni, the inhibitory effect and stability of JY-22 sterile fermentation broth （JY-22SFB） were tested using myeelium growth rate and spore germination rate methods. The results showed that JY-22SFB could sig- nificantly inhibit the mycelium growth and spore and 100%, respectively. The inhibitory activity as that of the carbendazim 50% （30 mg/mL）. nificant impact on the morphology of the fungus, germination of F. solani, with inhibitory rate of 74.5% of JY-22SFB against the spore germination was as good Microscopic observation showed that JY-22SFB had sig- leading to malformed and fragile hyphae. Assays demon- strated that JY-22SFB was relatively stable at 80 ~C for 3 hours or exposed to UV-radiation for 30 mi- nutes. The pathogenicity of tuber inoculated with F. solani was remarkably decreased after JY-22SFB treatment. Based on its morphological characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence, the antagonistic actinomy- ces strain JY-22 was identified as Streptomyces hygroscopicus. Conclusively, it has potential value in bio- logical control against potato dry rot.

关 键 词：马铃薯干腐病菌 拮抗放线菌 抑菌作用 鉴定 吸水链霉菌 

分 类 号：S435.32[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]