江西省美沙酮维持治疗海洛因依赖者的生活质量及各维度影响因素研究  

The influencing factor of different dimensions of the methadone maintenance treatment for heroin addicts’life quality after treatment

作　　者：颜兴伟[1] 杨玉金[2] 龚俊平[3] 闵建华[1] 李国恩 

机构地区：[1]南昌市东湖区疾病预防控制中心,南昌330008 [2]南昌大学第二附属医院 [3]江西省疾病预防控制中心 [4]南昌市药物维持治疗西湖门诊部

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2013年第5期875-877,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：江西省卫生厅科技计划项目(20072043);南昌市重点攻关项目(洪科发计字[2008]137号)

摘　　要：目的分析江西省南昌市和九江市接受美沙酮维持治疗(MMT)前后的海洛因依赖者生活质量各维度的变化及其影响因素,为MMT综合治疗提供理论依据。方法选择江西省南昌市东湖区、西湖区及九江市3个美沙酮门诊2008年1～6月新入组的海洛因依赖者为调查对象,使用阿片类药物成瘾者生活质量量表对调查对象进行问卷调查,用Excel软件建立数据库,SPSS软件进行数据资料的统计分析。结果 MMT治疗前后海洛因依赖者身体健康状况、家庭关系与社会支持、毒品依赖3个维度生活质量得分差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.01),其他3个维度及总体生活质量得分差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。身体健康状况改变的单因素分析影响因素有地区、经济来源和治疗期间家庭精神支持。多元逐步回归分析显示影响因素有地区、治疗前经济来源是否为临时工、治疗期间家人那里得到精神支持、年龄和维持治疗累计服药天数。家庭关系与社会支持改变的单因素分析影响因素有地区、治疗期间家庭精神支持、治疗期间家庭经济支持和治疗期间朋友精神支持。多因素分析结果为治疗期间家人精神支持、地区和治疗期间朋友经济支持是家庭关系与社会支持改善的影响因素。毒品依赖改变的单因素分析影响因素有地区和美沙酮首日剂量。多因素分析结果为首日剂量、既往强制戒毒次数和吸毒时间长短是毒品依赖改善的影响因素。结论长期坚持MMT可以改善海洛因依赖者的生活质量。家人的精神支持对患者身体健康状况、心理健康状况及家庭关系和社会支持改善程度影响显著,家人用于治疗费和生活费等经济支持对患者满意度改善影响显著,吸毒时间较长患者经过1年MMT后毒品依赖改善程度更高。OBJECTIVE To analyze the methadone maintenance treatment （MMT） for heroin addicts＂ life quality dimensions before and after the treatment in Nanchang and Jiujiang in Jiangxi province, and also analyze its influencing factor, to provide a theoretical basis for comprehensive treatment of MMT. METHODS Chose three methadone clinics in Jiujiang city and Donghu district and Xihu districts of Nanchang city, Jiangxi province in the first 6 months of 2008, new addicts as the objects in sur- vey, used the quality of life questionnaire for the survey opioid addicts, Excel software and SPSS software were used to statisti- cally analyze the data. RESULTS Before and after MMT treatment, heroin addicts＇ 3 dimensions of physical health status, family relationships and social support, drug dependence was statistically significant （P 〈 0.01 ）, the other three dimensions and the overall quality of life scores were not significant （P 〉 0.05 ）. Single factor analysis showed influencing factors of changes in physical health were regional factors, economic resources and family emotional support during treatment. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that there were regional factors, whether economic resources was temporary before treatment, treat- ment received moral support from the family, age, and cumulative days of medication maintenance treatment. Single-factor analysis showed changes in family relationships and social support were regional factors, emotional support from the family, family economic support during treatment and psychological support from friends. Multivariate analysis showed the spirit support from the family during treatment, regional and economic support during treatment, the friends economical support were influ-encing factors for improvement of family and social support. Univariate analysis showed region and the daily dose of methadone influenced drug-dependent changes. Multivari- ate analysis found daily dose, previous number of compul- sory treatment and drug abuse time were the im

关 键 词：美沙酮维持治疗(MMT) 海洛因依赖者 生活质量 影响因素 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]