中国耕地资源开发强度及其演化阶段  

Evaluation and Evolution of Exploitative Intensity of Cultivated Land Resources in China

作　　者：宋小青[1,2] 欧阳竹[1] 柏林川[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室禹城综合试验站,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《地理科学》2013年第2期135-142,共8页Scientia Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2013BAD05B03);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KSCX2-EW-B-1)资助

摘　　要：地域资源禀赋差异及经济社会发展阶段性决定了耕地资源开发强度理应存在结构演化的阶段性。基于粮食生产角度提出了涵盖开发广度、开发深度、开发频度的耕地资源开发强度评价方法。据此,通过评价分析全国及区域开发强度演化特征,论证了耕地资源开发强度阶段性结构演化假设。结果表明:耕地资源开发强度评价能准确判断耕地资源开发状态;中国耕地资源开发已基本完成以提高开发广度为主要特点的外延式开发历程,当前正值以提高开发深度为主要特点,同时面临开发频度降低问题的内涵式开发阶段;2004年,中国耕地资源开发强度为25.064%,区域开发强度及其结构演化差异显著。最后,在明确耕地资源管理政策转型基本导向的基础上,探讨了区域差别化的开发强度管控政策。Regional differences of resource endowment and economic and social development decide the phase characteristic of the evolving structure of the exploitative intensity of cultivated land resources （EICLR）. From the standpoint of grain production, this article put forward an evaluation method which involves explorative breadth, exploitative depth and exploitative frequentness and the assumption of the phase characteristic of the evolving structure. The empirical results are proved well at the country and the provincial scales. Evaluation of the EICLR depicts successfully the phase characteristic of the evolving structure and estimate accurately the re-gional exploration status of cultivated land resources. Thus, it could provide scientific evidence for cultivated land resources management. Overall, the phase of extension type of cultivated land resources exploration which has the main features of raising explorative breadth has been completed in China. With the rapid devel-opment of industrialization and urbanization, cultivated land resources exploration has entered the era of inten-sion type which has the main features of raising explorative depth. Noteworthy is that the decline of exploit-ative frequentness is also the serious issue during this era. Value of the EICLR at the country level is 25.064% in 2004. In the meanwhile, significant differences of the EICLR and its structural evolution are shown across agricultural zones and the 31 provinces. Finally, regional differentiated regulation policies of the EICLR are proposed under the direction of cultivated land resources management transition.

关 键 词：耕地资源 开发强度 评价 演化 中国 

分 类 号：F293[经济管理—国民经济] F301