中美航空运输市场客源流失研究  

An Analysis of Passenger Loss in China-US Air Service Market

作　　者：卢伟[1] 郑兴无[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学经济与管理学院,天津300300

出　　处：《国际商务研究》2013年第2期66-76,共11页International Business Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"经济全球化下中国特色的‘天空开放’国际航空运输服务贸易政策研究"(项目编号:12BJY112);中国民航航空运输经济与管理科学研究基地开放基金项目"我国国际航空运输政策对区域经济影响研究"(项目编号:JGKF1201)

摘　　要：在百慕大II型航空运输协定框架下,两国间航空运输业务受到始发国和目的国监管部门在市场准入、指定航空公司数量、运力水平、运价管制和代码共享安排等方面的严格管制。然而,一些旅客会通过经第三国(地区)中转的方式前往目的地,导致双边航空运输市场的客源流失现象。由于日本、韩国、香港、新加坡、台湾等国家和地区均与美国签订了"开放天空"协定或是自由化水平较高的双边航空运输协定,大量中美航空运输市场的客源流失到周边国家(地区)和美国间的双边航空运输市场。本文分析了中美航空运输市场客源流失的规模及其主要原因,指出中美航空运输协定历次修订所增加的运力配额有效地降低了中美航空运输市场客源流失的程度。Under the Bumuda Ⅱ Style Air Service Agreements （ASAs）, passenger air traffics between 2 countries are strictly regulated by regulating bodies of both originating and destination countries. With the fast development of open sky arrangements, this approach is challenged as passenger traffics will diverse to the third country that signs open sky agreements with an originating or destination country. That is the scenario for the China-US air market. As many countries or areas like Korea, Japan, and Hong Kong, have signed open sky or more liberal agreements with US, it is attractive for many passengers to fly between China and US via those countries or areas. It means passenger losses for designated carriers of the China-US air market. This paper tries to identify the extent and main causes for passenger losses in the China-US air market. It argues that several past amendments of China- US ASA that increased flights quotas for designated carriers have effectively lowered the extent of passenger losses of the China-US air market, as those amendments significantly increased capacity of market concerned.

关 键 词：客源流失 航空运输协定 中美航空运输市场 

分 类 号：F562.1[经济管理—产业经济]