植物滞留系统草本植物对人工雨水中铅的富集及去除效果  

Bioaccumulation and Removal Efficiency of Lead by Grasses in Bioretention

作　　者：美英[1,2] 杨晓华[1] 郭亚男[1] 姜荣[1] 郦建强[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学环境学院水沙重点实验室,水环境模拟国家重点实验室,北京100875 [2]内蒙古工业大学能源与动力工程学院,呼和浩特010051 [3]水利部水利水电规划设计总院,北京100011

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2013年第1期158-161,166,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2010CB951104);国家自然科学基金项目(50939001,51079004);国家创新研究群体科学基金项目(51121003);教育部博士点基金博导类项目(20100003110024);内蒙古工业大学青年基金项目(X201217)

摘　　要：采用盆栽试验研究4种草本植物(黑麦草,地毯草,早熟禾,高羊茅)对人工雨水中重金属铅的吸收富集和去除效率,并分析测定不同植物滞留系统介质、不同入口浓度情况下,植物地上部与根部铅含量及铅的去除率。结果表明,4种草本植物对人工降雨径流中的铅均有较好的去除效果,铅的平均去除率在94.73%～98.11%之间。不同草本植物去除人工降雨径流中铅的能力,从强到弱依次为高羊茅>黑麦草>地毯草>早熟禾。其中,4种草本植物对铅的去除率随着入口浓度的增加而增加;对于同一种草本植物同样的入口浓度情况下,沙土Ⅱ为最佳土壤介质,具有最佳的去除铅能力。4种草本植物地上部和地下部磷累积量分别在52.51～111.24μg和34.79～73.54μg之间;其中黑麦草铅累积总量最高,其次是地毯草,最低的是早熟禾。综合考虑污染物去除率和铅在植物体内的累积量,交替种植高羊茅和黑麦草能够提高植物滞留系统去除铅的能力且有利于延长植物滞留系统寿命。The Pb bioaccumulation and removal efficiency by four herbaceous （Lolium perenne, Axonopus compressus, Festuca arundinacea, and Poa annua ） in bioretention was explicated through a pot experiment. The study provided scientific basis for the bioretention plant selection. The conditions of different soil media and different inflow concentration were considered in the pot experiment to analyze the removal efficiency and bioaceumulation concentration of lead by the four herbaceous. The results showed that the average removal rate of lead was 94.73%-98.11%. The order removal capacity of the four herbaceous plants was.. Festuca arundinacea 〉Loliurn perenne 〉Axonopus compressus〉Poa annua. As inflow concentration increasing, the lead removal rates by the four herbaceous plants were increased. And the sand Ⅱ was the best media. The lead bioaccumulations in shoots and roots of four herbaceous plants were 52.51-111.24μg and 34.79- 73.54μg, respectively. The highest accumulated content of lead was in Loliurn perenne, and the lowest was in Poa annua. The comprehensive evaluation results showed that planting the Festuca arundinacea and Loliurn perenne alternately in the bioretention could improve lead removal efficiency and prolong the working life of bioretention.

关 键 词：植物滞留系统 草本植物 铅 去除率 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]