安太堡露天矿不同复垦基质和植物中重金属含量及污染评价  

The Content and Pollution Assessment of Heavy Metal in Reclaimed Mediums and Plants at Antaibao Opencast Mine

作　　者：秦俊梅[1] 白中科[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学资源环境学院,山西太谷030801 [2]中国地质大学土地科学技术学院,北京100083 [3]国土资源部土地整治重点实验室,北京100035

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2013年第1期176-181,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(404711327);山西省青年科技研究基金项目(2010021028-5)

摘　　要：以山西省平朔安太堡露天煤矿为研究对象,对矿区4种复垦基质、7种复垦植物及原地貌农田和林地2种土壤及4种植物的重金属含量进行比较分析与评价。结果表明:不同复垦基质各重金属全量均未超出国家土壤环境质量二级标准,重金属水溶态均低于地表水环境质量标准Ⅲ类水质指标,不会对矿区环境造成危害;重金属全量与水溶态呈一致趋势,即单项污染指数除Cd外,Pb、Cu、Cr和As等元素最高含量均出现在风化煤矸石,综合污染指数均为新鲜煤矸石>风化煤矸石>原地貌农田土壤>南排土场1380平台复垦土壤>南排土场1420燃烧区残留物>原地貌林地土壤;各样点Cd的全量与水溶态达显著相关水平,样点Pb、Cu、Cr和As的全量与水溶态达极显著相关水平;矿区植物中重金属Cd、Pb、Cu和As含量均未超出正常植物的含量标准,但所有植物中Cr含量均超出正常植物的含量标准,因此,矿区植物体中Cr的污染不可忽视。Taking Pingshuo opencast mine of Shanxi province as research object, this paper had analyzed and evaluated the heavy metals contents in 4 kinds of reclaimed mediums, 7 kinds of reclamation plants, 2 kinds of soils and 4 kinds of plants in original landform farmland and forestland around the mining areas. The results showed that： The total contents of all the heavy metals in different reclaimed mediums were not beyond National Soil Environmental Quality Standard of Grade 11 , the concentration of all the heavy mental in water soluble state were lower than Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard（water quality indexes Ⅲ）; the total contents and water soluble state of heavy mental followed the same trend： Except Cd, the contents of Pb, Cu, Cr and As were the highest in weathered coal gangue in terms of single pollution index, the comprehensive pollution index were fresh gangue 〉weathering gangue 〉original landform soil 〉south dump 1380 platform reclamation soil ~south dump 1420 combustion zone residue〉original landform timbered soil; the total contents and water soluble state of Cd were significant correlation, the total contents and water soluble state of Pb, Cu, Cr and As reached extremely significant level; the concentration of Cd, Pb, Cu and As in plants were lower than the normal plants content standard, but the concentration of Cr was beyond the normal plants content standard. Therefore, Cr pollution to plants in mining areas can not be ignored.

关 键 词：露天矿 土地复垦 植物 重金属污染 评价 

分 类 号：X502[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.2