添加腐熟粪及蜉金龟堆肥过程中碳氮转化与腐殖质的变化  

Carbon,Nitrogen Dynamics and Humus Characteristics of Adding Decomposed Cow Dung and Aphodius Larval Composting

作　　者：康露[1] 吴景贵[1] 温善菊[2] 赵欣宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,长春130118 [2]塔里木大学植物科学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2013年第1期258-262,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目"松辽平原区农牧结合循环生产技术集成研究与示范项目"(2012BAD14B05;2007BAD89B06);现代农业(肉牛)产业技术体系专项经费资助项目(CARS-38)

摘　　要：利用蜉金龟(Aphodiidae)对哺乳动物粪便的喜食性,将200条蜉金龟放入400kg的新鲜牛粪(以鲜重计)中进行堆肥试验,研究堆肥过程中碳氮转化特征及腐殖质变化,并在堆肥的49d内,根据堆温采样7次,分析堆肥样品中温度、pH、氮素及腐殖质的变化情况。研究结果表明,接种蜉金龟处理的升温效率最佳,堆肥第3天时即达最高堆温(46.9℃);pH值在堆肥第35天时达到高峰,为8.88,显著高于新鲜牛粪和添加腐熟粪处理;堆肥49d后,接种蜉金龟处理的NH4+-N含量分别比新鲜牛粪和添加腐熟粪处理降低了26.4,41.9mg/kg。添加腐熟粪处理堆肥第21天时的NH4+-N含量最高,为142.7mg/kg,分别显著高于新鲜牛粪和接种蜉金龟处理28d时的42.1,27.1mg/kg;添加腐熟粪处理的NO3--N含量增幅最高,为244.2%,分别显著高于新鲜牛粪和接种蜉金龟处理104.4%,182.2%。堆肥49d与0d相比,添加腐熟粪处理的有机碳含量降幅最高,为39.9%,类胡敏酸的E4/E6值降幅最大,为19.3%。The aphodius larvas（Aphodiidae） eating mammalian feces, the 200 Aphodius larvas with 400 kg of fresh cow dung（fresh weight） of composting, an experiment was conducted to study the C and N dynamics and humus characteristics of adding decomposed cow dung and inoculation Aphodius larva in the composting process. Temperature was monitored every two day and compost samples were taken0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49 dafter the start of the experiment. ThepH, ammonium（NH4＋-N）, nitrate（NO3--N）, organic C, humic acid C, fulvic acid C concentrations, H/F and E4/E6 in the compost were determined. The compost temperature increased very quickly, reached 46. 9℃ on day 3 of vaccination Aphodius larval. The pH remained 8. 88 on day 35 of inoculation Aphodius larval. After 49 d, the NH＋ --N concentration in inoculation Aphodius larval compost had declined 26.4, 41.9 mg/kg compared with the fresh cow dung and adding decomposed cow dung treatment. In contrast, the NH＋ --N concentration in adding decomposed cow dung increased the highest 142.7 mg/kg on the 21th d of composting, and it was significantly higher than 42.1, 27.1 mg/kg compared with the fresh cow dung and inoculation Aphodius larval treatment（28＇hd）. The rate of increased in NOa --N concentration reached highest value 244.2%, and it was significantly higher than 104.4%, 182.2% compared with the fresh cow dung and inoculation Aphodius larval treatment. Compared with at the 7th d under adding decomposed cow dung treatment, at the 49th d, organic carbon decreased by the highest value（39.9%）, the E4/E6 ratio of humic-like acid reached the highest decline（19.3%）.

关 键 词：腐熟粪 蜉金龟 碳氮转化 腐殖质 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]