兰州市某小学学生体检结果分析  

Analysis on results of physical examination among students from a primary school in Lanzhou city

作　　者：徐慧娟 章青兰 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省兰州市城关区妇幼保健所,730030

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2013年第7期1131-1134,共4页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：兰州市城关区"科技三项经费"基金扶持项目〔2010-6-2〕

摘　　要：目的:了解小学生生长发育状况,调查学生常见病患病情况并分析影响因素。方法:按照卫生部教育部《中小学生健康体检管理办法》规定,对该校所有在校学生进行健康体检。结果:调查对象视力低下、龋齿、贫血、超重及肥胖检出率均较高,其中视力低下和龋齿检出率最高,分别为43.78%和30.80%,贫血检出率高于超重检出率(P﹤0.05),而超重检出率高于肥胖检出率(P﹤0.05),并且超重、肥胖与视力低下检出率总体上均随年龄增加而增加(P﹤0.05);龋齿检出率随年龄增加而减少(P﹤0.05);超重在男生、女生中的比例分别为16.11%、8.33%,肥胖在男生、女生中的比例分别为12.32%、3.79%,男生检出率均高于女生(P﹤0.05)。但营养不良问题仍然存在,主要表现为消瘦,女生检出率高于男生(P﹤0.05);沙眼总检出率为0.64%,各年龄组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:小学生人群中视力低下、龋齿、贫血、超重、肥胖和消瘦等生长发育问题并存。提示卫生、教育部门及社会重视儿童生长发育,加强宣传教育,增强户外体育锻炼,促使其养成良好的生活习惯。同时也提醒家庭应该积极改善营养供给,争取达到均衡营养、合理膳食。Objective： To understand the growth and development of primary school students in Lanzhou city, investigate the prevalence of common diseases in students, and analyze the influencing factors. Methods： All the primary school students in a primary school in Lanzhou city received health physical examination according to the primary and middle school students health physical examination manage- ment designed by Ministry of Health and Ministry of Education. Results： The detection rates of low vision, dental caries, anemia, over- weight, and obese among the investigation objects were high, and the detection rates of low vision and dental caries were the highest, which were 43.78% and 30. 80% , respectively, the detection rate of anemia was statistically significantly higher than that of overweight （ P 〈 0. 05 ） , but the detection rate of overweight was statistically significantly higher than that of obesity （ P 〈 0. 05 ） ; on the whole, the detection rates of overweight, obesity, and low vision increased with age （P 〈0. 05） ; the detection of dental caries decreased with age （P 〈0. 05） ; the proportions of students with overweight in boys and girls were 16. 11 % and 8.33% , respectively; the proportions of students with obesity in boys and girls were 12. 32% and 3.79% , respectively, the detection rates of overweight and obesity in boys were statistically significantly higher than those in girls （P 〈 0. 05 ） . But malnutrition still existed, which was mainly manifested as emaciation, the detection rate in girls was statistically significantly higher than that in boys （P 〈 0. 05 ） ; the total detection rate of trachoma was 0. 64% , there was no statistically significant difference among the students in different age groups （ P 〉 0. 05 ） . Conclusion ： The problems about growth and development of primary school students coexist, such as low vision, dental caries, anemia, overweight, obesity, and emaciation, which indicate that health and education departments, and the so

关 键 词：小学生 健康体检 生长发育 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]