混凝沉淀法富集分离水中隐孢子虫卵囊的实验研究  

Enrichment and separation of Cryptosporidium oocysts in water by coagulation and sedimentation

作　　者：刘美霞[1] 杨忠委[2] 王华然[2] 李梅[1] 李乐[2] 刘颖[1] 尹静[2] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古医科大学公共卫生学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [2]军事医学科学院卫生学环境医学研究所天津市环境与食品安全风险监控技术重点实验室

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2013年第2期102-104,共3页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2008AA062502-2)

摘　　要：目的建立混凝沉淀富集回收水中隐孢子虫卵囊的方法。方法以4μm荧光微球为研究对象,采用混凝沉淀试验,通过正交设计筛选出最佳混凝剂[聚合氯化铝(PAC)、水溶性壳聚糖(WSC)、1 mol/L的NaOH溶液用量]的配方,并观察不同pH值(6～9)、浑浊度(0～15 NTU)和水温(5～15℃)对回收率的影响。结果确定了最佳混凝配方,聚合氯化铝浓度为80 mg/L,壳聚糖浓度为30 mg/L,1 mol/L氢氧化钠溶液用量为0.6 ml。当pH值在6～9范围内,回收率均在86%以上;当水温在5～25℃范围内,回收率在55%以上;当浑浊度为0～15 NTU范围内,回收率均在90%以上。且回收率均随着pH值、水温和浑浊度的升高而上升。向实际水样投加隐孢子虫,采用混凝沉淀法与EPA1623法进行富集比较,差异无统计学意义。结论该方法能够高效富集回收水中的隐孢子虫卵囊,并对实验条件要求较低,适用于一般实验室对水中隐孢子虫卵囊的检测。Objective To establish a method for coagulating sedimentation to enrich and recover Cryptosporidium oocysts from surface water,and to provide theoretical guidance for the C. oocysts correlational research in water. Methods 4 μm fluorescent microspheres as the research object,the optimum coagulation formulation was screened using the jar test by orthogonal design, and the effects of influencing factors such as pH （6-9）, turbidity （0-15 NTU）, and temperature （5-15 ℃ ） on recovery were observed. Results The optimum coagulation formula was 80 mg/L PAC, 30 mg/L WSC and 1 mol/L NaOH 0.6 ml. Recovery rates of fluorescent microsphere were all above 86% in pH range of 6-9; At temperature of 5-25 ℃ ,recovery rates were all over 55% ;The turbidity of the range of 0-15 NTU,the recovery rates were all over 90%. And as pH,temperature and turbidity increased,the recovery rate also increased. The recoveries of Cryptosporidium oocyst in actual water samples were determined by using coagulating sedimentation and national standard method respectively, no significant difference was seen between the two methods. Conclusion Coagulating sedimentation method can efficiently reclaim Cryptosporidium oocysts in water, with low cost in replacing the disposable filter capsules and low requirements in experimental conditions, it is applicable to the determination of Cryptosporidium oocyst in water for a common laboratory.

关 键 词：混凝 沉淀 荧光微球 隐孢子虫卵囊 

分 类 号：R123.6[医药卫生—环境卫生学]