某常减压装置换热网络节能改造  

Retrofit heat exchanger network of an oil refinery atmospheric-vacuum distillation unit

作　　者：杨智勇[1] 姜涛 尹兆明[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆工程学院化学工程系,新疆乌鲁木齐830091 [2]中国石油克拉玛依石化分公司第一联合车间,新疆克拉玛依834000

出　　处：《计算机与应用化学》2013年第2期155-162,共8页Computers and Applied Chemistry

基　　金：校内科研基金资助项目(2011XGZ021212)

摘　　要：应用夹点技术对某炼油厂常减压蒸馏装置换热器网络的用能状况进行分析,找出其瓶颈所在,对整个网络进行调优,提高拔头油换热终温、网络可操作性和操作弹性,求得最小网络投资和操作费用。根据现有换热网络流程结构,收集、提取相关冷热流股的数据,按照问题表格法进行夹点计算,确定原换网的最小传热温差、夹点位置及相关用能信息。绘制原换热网络格子图进行用能诊断,分析其中存在的不合理用能问题,确定能量回收目标和节能潜力;依据夹点设计法基本原则,同时考虑到现行换热网络结构,分两步进行整体调优。优化连接方式、换热顺序,充分利用原有换热器,首先考虑夹点处物流的匹配,然后分别向两头进行物流间的匹配换热,重新匹配某些冷热流股,调整局部传热温差,使换热器的负荷及温差更趋于合理。制定出两套改造方案,计算了改造费用和投资回收期,分析了两方案的优劣。两方案均消除了原换热网络中违反夹点设计基本原则的不合理用能现象,节约了加热和冷却公用工程费用,在原生产换热网络的基础上,两方案分别将拔头原油的换热终温提高了12℃和17℃,同时提高了整套装置操作弹性。The pinch technology was applied to analysis and study on Heat Exchanger Network （HEN） of an oil refineryatmospheric-vacuum distillation unit to find out the bottleneck of its energy utilization and optimize the entire network to improving topped oil heat temperature, network operation and flexibility, to achieve the minimum network investment and operation cost. Based on the existing heat exchanger networks structure, collection, extraction associated with hot and cold stream data, in accordance with the problem table Algorithm for pinch point of the HEN, the original exchange network＇s △Tmin, the pinch point position and related information was determined. Grid Diagram of original heat exchanger network for diagnosis was drawn. The energy recycling targets and energy saving potential was confirmed. According to the basic principles of the pinch design while taking into account the current heat exchanger network structure, Two-step for the whole optimization was made. Mode of connection, order of heat transfer was optimized. The original heat exchanger was made full use of it. First consider the match of hot and cold streams from the beginning of pinch point then successively to the end of two sides. The△T and the load of the heat exchanger was adjusted to be more reasonable, and with pinch point information, those unreasonable phenomenon of unsuitable energy utilization of the HEN was clear after pinch analysis. To raise the efficiency of the HEN, two solution projects were designed. The expenses of renovation and investment recovery period were worked out. Those problems of the original HEN in violation of pinch point design principles were corrected in the two new HENS after reformation. Heating and cooling utilities costs were saved. And the exchanged temperature of topped crude oil was also raised to 12℃ and 17℃ respectively. Consequently, more profit was made for company and the operation flexibility of the unit was increased too.

关 键 词：夹点技术 常减压蒸馏 换热器网络 

分 类 号：TQ015.9[化学工程] TP391.9[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]