不同类型农村留守儿童生活事件分析  

Analysis of life events among different types of rural left-behind children

作　　者：余应筠[1] 石水芳[2] 敖毅[2] 朱焱[3] 

机构地区：[1]贵阳医学院公共卫生学院2010级,贵州550004 [2]贵阳医学院预防医学系2007级 [3]贵阳医学院公共卫生学院卫生统计学教研室

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2013年第2期181-183,187,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：贵州省教育厅资助项目(F 2010-15)

摘　　要：目的了解农村不同类型留守儿童的生活事件现状,为改善农村留守儿童成长环境提供理论依据。方法分层整群抽取贵州省黔西县定新乡和重新镇四～九年级学生1 485名,采用一般问卷和青少年生活事件量表进行现场调查。结果留守、曾留守和非留守男童的生活事件项目发生数及得分差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。留守、曾留守女童的生活事件项目发生数、总分、学习压力、受惩罚、健康适应及其他因子分均大于非留守女童(P值均<0.05);留守女童的人际关系因子分与曾留守女童的丧失因子分均高于非留守女童(P值均<0.05);留守与曾留守女童间生活事件得分差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。父亲外出的留守儿童学习压力因子分高于父母均外出的留守儿童(P值均<0.05);留守>2 a的留守儿童健康适应因子分高于留守1 a～组的留守儿童;留守≥5 a组的曾留守儿童其他因子分高于留守2 a～组的曾留守儿童(P<0.05)。结论留守类型对儿童生活事件的影响可能存在性别差异;留守经历对儿童生活事件影响有一定的持续性;无论正在留守还是曾经留守的儿童,留守年限越长对生活事件的影响可能越大。Objective To analyze the status of life events among different types of left-behind children, including ever left- behind children and non-left-behind children in rural areas. Methods Stratified cluster sampling method was adopted to choose 1 485 students of 4 to 9 grades from primary and middle schools among Dingxin villages and Chongxin towns in Qianxi county of Guizbou Province. Self-designed questionnaire and Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check-List （ASLEC） were applied. Results It showed that there were no significant differences in frequency and scores of life events （ P〉0. 05 ） among different types of left-behind boys. However, it was found that frequency and scores of total and four factors including learning pressure, being published, health adaption and other factors were higher for left-behind girls and ever left-behind girls than non-left-behind girls （ P〈0.05 ）. Scores of interpersonal relationships of left-behind girls and scores of loss of ever left-behind girls were separately higher than those of non-left-behind girls （ P〈0.05 ）. There was no statistically significant difference in scores between left-behind and ever left-behind girls. For children whose father left home the scores of learning pressure were higher than the scores for those whose both parents left home （ P〈0. 05 ） , and scores of health adaption in children being left more than two years were higher than that in children left less than two years among left-behind children（ P〈0.05 ）. For children being left more than five years scores of other factors were higher than that in children left 2-5 years among ever left-behind children （ P〈0. 05 ）. Conclusion There may be gender difference in the effects on life events among different types of left-behind. The experience of being left-behind seem have the lasting effects on the children＇s life events. For both left-behind children and ever left-behind children, the longer being left-behind is, the more obvious effects may exist.

关 键 词：生活变动事件 精神卫生 学生 农村人口 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学] B844.1[医药卫生—医学心理学]