木家具挥发性污染物散发传质特性测定新方法  

A new method for convenient and quick determination of the mass transfer characteristics of VOC emission from the wood furniture

作　　者：宋伟[1,2,3] 孔庆媛[1,2] 李洪枚[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都经济贸易大学安全与环境工程学院,北京100070 [2]国家家具及室内环境质量监督检验中心,北京100068 [3]清华大学建筑技术科学系,北京100084

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2013年第1期101-107,共7页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：北京市科技计划项目(D09050603750802);质检公益性行业科研专项(201210033;201110013-04;201010013-4)

摘　　要：木家具中挥发性有机化合物(VOC)的散发是一个复杂传质过程。为准确把握传质特性,提出一套简便快捷的试验方法。利用木家具在一系列不同承载率无换气气候箱中散发的稳态质量浓度或逐时质量浓度,同时求取目标VOC的4个重要传质参数:可散发量ρ0、扩散系数D、分配系数K和对流传质系数hm。测算了某密度板木家具中甲醛和TVOC的ρ0、D、K、hm,与文献中其他数据处理方法所得结果的变异系数(CV)小于10%,代入数值算法预测了无换气和换气条件下的气候箱质量浓度,与试验数据吻合良好。The paper is aimed at introducing a new method for conve- nient and quick determination of the mass transfer characteristics of the volatile organic compounds（VOC） from the wood furniture. As is known, V0C emission is one of such emissions, which involves a complex process of mass transfer with negative environmental effects. For our research convenience, we have worked out a clear outline to show the mass transfer characteristics and brought forward an experi- mental method for convenient, quick and simultaneous measurement of the four significant mass transfer parameters of the target V0C ： the emission concentration ρ0, the diffusion coefficient D, the partition coefficient K and the convection mass transfer coefficient hm, by making use of the mass transfer equilibrium or process concentrations in a chamber with no proper ventilation under a series of loading fac- tors Lf. Detailedly speaking, we have established a method for ana- lyzing a fully analytical model of furniture emission in the chamber without proper ventilation deduced by Laplace Transform. On the one hand, a linear relationship can be found and represented between the reciprocal of equilibrium concentrations and the reciprocal of Lf, whose slope and intercept are the simple function of ρ0 and K. By data fitting, we could easily obtain the slope and intercept as well as ρ0 and K. On the other hand, a linear relationship can also be ex- pressed by the relationship between the logarithm of dimensionless ex- cess concentrations and the time elapsed, with the slope and intercept being the simple function of D and hm. By data fitting, it would be possible to deduce the slope and intercept as well as D and hm very simply, too. In addition, in the experiments we have done, we have applied this method to study ρ0, D, K, hm of formaldehyde and TVOC mass transfer from a piece of wood furniture made of medium density fiberboards（MDF） and polyurethane paint（PU）. The results of our experiments show a coefficient of variation（CV） less th

关 键 词：环境工程学 木家具 挥发性有机化合物 传质特性 测定方法 

分 类 号：X502[环境科学与工程—环境工程]