建筑保温板生命周期环境影响研究  

Influence of the exterior insulating building board on the environment health from the point of view of its life circle

作　　者：肖君[1] 赵平[1] 刘睿 

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学土木工程学院,西安710055 [2]清华大学土木水利学院,北京100084

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2013年第1期138-141,共4页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(70971075);住建部2012年科学技术项目(2012-R1-16)

摘　　要：为客观评价建筑外墙保温板的环境影响效应,基于LCA(Life-Cycle Assessment)理论与方法对聚苯乙烯挤塑板和岩棉板两种主流保温板在生产、使用、拆除3个阶段的能源、资源消耗进行分析和统计,通过DEST-C建筑能耗分析软件对假定建筑模型在使用外墙保温材料前后取暖、制冷过程中的能耗状况进行计算,进而对比得出上述两种建筑保温板的节能效果。将其全生命周期中涉及的各类能源、资源消耗进行分类,结合相应能源、资源在生产、使用过程中的污染物排放数据计算得出聚苯乙烯挤塑板和岩棉板全生命周期的环境影响排放清单。依据WTP(Willingness To Pay)理论,从社会支付意愿的角度来衡量环境影响程度,在环境税费理论上,结合消费物价指数计算得出具有时效性的污染物单位当量环境影响货币价值,将前两项工作中获得的排放数据代入进行加权计算。结果表明,建筑外墙保温板在生产过程中大量消耗能源是造成保温板环境负影响的主要原因,其次是在拆除后难以回收利用而浪费大量土地进行掩埋,但在使用阶段产生的大量环境正影响创造了显著的环境价值。Aiming at presenting a critical evaluation of the environ- mental effectiveness of the exterior thermal-insulating building board, this paper shall focus itself on tracing its life cycle influence on the surrounding environment by taking XPS and Rockwool as a case study. As is seen, the exterior thermal-insulating building board has been serving as a chief thermal-insulating material to be put on the exterior wall in recent years. However, complaints constantly come about as to its environmental impact, pollution of the air in particu- lar. It is from this point of view that we would like to present our analysis and investigation results in the following procedure. First ofall, we have made a detailed analysis of the energy consumption and atmospheric pollution discharge of such boards from the points of view of their production, actual usage and removing process of such boards, by taking XPS and Rockwool as the sample of such materials based on the theory of LCA （Life Cycle Assessment）. And, second- ly, we would like to work out the actual energy consumption of exteri- or insulation board when it gets warming and cooling in an energy- consumption constructional model so as to obtain the energy saving ef- fect of such boards, like XPS and Rockwool via a kind of DET - C constructional energy consumption software. And, thirdly, work has been done on classifying the related energy resource consumption in their whole life cycle, and preparing the environmental effect dis- charge list of XPS and Rockwool. And, fourlhly, based on WTP （willing to pay） theory, try to measure the environmental effects of such boards from the point of view of sacrificing the society conve- nience has to pay or to accept, both in terms of monetary value of timeliness pollutants based on environmental fax and fee theory and the weighted contamination emission data of the straight consequence. The conclusions of oar investigation results show that the primary rea- son of negative environmental impact is that the exterior insulating bo

关 键 词：建筑材料 环境影响 生命周期评价 

分 类 号：TU714[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]