磁性液体阻尼减振实验台的设计和实验分析  

Design of Magnetic Fluid Damping Experimental Platform and Experimental Analysis

作　　者：冯振华[1] 李德才[1] 杨文明[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学机械与电子控制工程学院,北京100044

出　　处：《振动．测试与诊断》2013年第1期106-110,169,共5页Journal of Vibration,Measurement & Diagnosis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50875017)

摘　　要：为了测试磁性液体阻尼器的有效性和各种参数对阻尼器减振效果的影响,设计一种阻尼器模型,并根据阻尼器的工作原理设计一套满足频率低、位移小、加速度小等条件的实验台,根据实验要求,在实验台上对磁性液体阻尼器进行实验。结果表明:实验台可实现频率范围为0.74～5.75Hz的振动;与没有安装阻尼器相比,弹性悬臂梁在安装阻尼器后振幅完全衰减的振动时间缩短约65%;安装阻尼器后的悬臂梁对数衰减率随频率大小的变化规律是先增大后减小,然后再增大;安装阻尼器后的悬臂梁对数衰减率随着振幅的增大而增大;磁性液体阻尼器对于不同长度悬臂梁的振动都起到了很好的减振作用,当悬臂梁的长度为0.7m时,磁性液体阻尼器的减振效果最好;磁性液体阻尼器对于不同初始振幅的悬臂梁振动都具有良好的减振效果。A magnetic fluid damper model is designed,and then the experimental platform that satisfies the condition of micro-displacement and micro-acceleration with low frequency is designed according to the working principle of damper in order to measure the effectiveness of the magnetic fluid damper and test the damping effect of the damper by various parameters.Then a series of experiments are done on the experimental platform according to experimental requirements,the results show that the range of frequency that the experimental platform can meet is 0.74 Hz～5.75 Hz.Compared with the free oscillation of the elastic cantilever beam,the full decay time of vibration of the beam when the damper is installed is reduced by about 65%.The logarithmic decay rate increases at the beginning and then decreases,after that it increases again,when the frequency increases.But the logarithmic decay rate increases when the amplitude of vibration increases.For different lengths of cantilever oscillation,the magnetic fluid damper has very good damping effect on the vibration of the cantilever,and the damping effect is better when the length of the cantilever is 0.7 m.It can also be found that there is good result of damping for the cantilever oscillation with different initial amplitude.

关 键 词：磁性液体 阻尼器 实验台 对数衰减率 

分 类 号：TB123[理学—工程力学]