南海海温和西南地区土壤湿度异常与中国东部夏季降水的可能联系  被引量:5

POSSIBLE RELATIONSHIPS AMONG SOUTH CHINA SEA SSTA, SOIL MOISTURE ANOMALIES IN SOUTHWEST CHINA AND SUMMER PRECIPITATION IN EASTERN CHINA

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作  者:高楚杰[1,2] 陈海山[1,2] 许蓓[1,2] 曾刚[1,2] 

机构地区:[1]南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210044 [2]南京信息工程大学大气科学学院,江苏南京210044

出  处:《热带气象学报》2013年第1期75-82,共8页Journal of Tropical Meteorology

基  金:国家自然科学基金项目(41075082;41230422);公益性行业专项(GYHY201206017);江苏省"333高层次人才培养工程";江苏省"青蓝工程";江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)共同资助

摘  要:利用1958—2001年NOAA海温资料、欧洲中心(ECMWF)ERA40土壤湿度再分析资料和中国100°E以东444站的降水资料,探讨了南海海温和土壤湿度异常与我国东部夏季降水之间的可能联系,并初步讨论其可能的物理过程。结果表明,春季南海海温与西南地区东部土壤湿度的异常变化之间存在显著的负相关关系,而土壤湿度的异常与我国东部夏季降水之间也存在密切的联系。当春季南海海温异常偏高(低)时,我国西南地区东部的土壤通常出现异常偏干(湿),而夏季长江流域降水偏多(少)、东南沿海地区降水偏少(多)。进一步分析表明,春季南海海温异常偏高(低),有利于我国南部区域低层西南风减弱(偏强),西南地区东部水汽输送减少(增加),导致该地区春季的降水异常减少(增加)、土壤偏干(湿);通过蒸发反馈机制使得夏季西南地区东部地表温度偏高(低),引起副高西伸(东退)发展,最终导致我国东部地区夏季降水的异常。By using 1958--2001 NOAA-extended and-reconstructed SST data, ERA40 reanalysis soil moisture data and precipitation data of 444 stations in China(east of 100 °E), this work investigates the possible relationships among South China Sea SSTA, soil moisture anomalies and summer precipitation in eastern China as well as their possible physical processes. Results show that South China Sea SSTA bears a negative correlation with spring soil moisture in the eastern Southwest China. More(less) precipitation happens in the Yangtze River Basin and less(more) in Southeast China in summer when the South China Sea SST is higher(lower) than normal and the soil moisture in the eastern Southwest China is higher(lower) in spring. Further analysis shows that when South China Sea SST is higher(lower), the southwest wind at low levels is weak(strong), decreasing(increasing) the water vapor transport in South China, resulting in reduced(increased) spring precipitation in eastern Southwest China and making the soil moisture in spring low(high). Through the evaporation feedback mechanism, the dry(wet) soil makes the surface temperature higher(lower) in summer and causes the westward extension(eastward retreat) of the West Pacific subtropical high, eventually leading to the summer precipitation anomalies.

关 键 词:气象学 统计特征 相关分析 南海海温 土壤湿度 夏季降水 中国东部 

分 类 号:P434.4[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]

 

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