敌草胺对土壤微生物种群及生物活性的影响  

Effect of Napropamide on Soil Microorganism Population Quantity and Their Biological Activity

作　　者：洪文良 吴小毛[2] 

机构地区：[1]金阳农林水利服务中心,贵州贵阳550081 [2]贵州大学农学院植物保护系,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2013年第2期120-123,共4页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省科学技术基金项目"茶叶中噻虫嗪农药残留的形成规律与降解机理研究"[黔科合J字(2010)2074];贵州大学博士基金项目"敌草胺在土壤多介质环境中的复合行为及生物可用性研究"[贵大人基合字(2011)06]

摘　　要：为了解敌草胺对土壤微生物多样性的影响及相对毒性、预测田间施用后对土壤微生物的实际危害程度,以为经济合理地施用该除草剂、减少环境污染提供科学依据,采用室内模拟法研究了敌草胺对土壤微生物种群数量及生物活性的影响。结果表明:试验期内,真菌对敌草胺最为敏感,细菌次之,放线菌则具有一定的抗性。经敌草胺各浓度处理,土壤的细菌生长呈现抑制、恢复或激活的变化趋势,放线菌的生长则表现为先抑制后恢复;在14d前对土壤真菌生长的影响表现为低浓度时刺激,高浓度时抑制,且刺激或抑制程度与浓度相关,45d后敌草胺各浓度对土壤真菌的生长则具有促进作用;敌草胺在14d前对土壤呼吸作用均有不同程度的激活,14d后土壤呼吸强度呈恢复、抑制的变化趋势。根据危害系数法的分级方法计算,敌草胺属于无实际毒害的农药。The effect of napropamide on soil microorganism population quantity and their biological activity was studied by the indoor simulation method to forecast the actual damage degree to soil microorganism and provide the scientific basis for its economic and rational application in fields and reduction of environment pollution. The results showed that the sensitiveness of soil microorganism to napropamide was fungus 〉 bacteria 〉 actinomycete. The bacterial growth in the soil treated by napropamide with different tested concentration showed the variation trend of inhibition and recovery or activation and actinomycete growth showed the trend of inhibition and recovery. The fungus growth in the soil treated by napropamide with lower concentration and higher concentration was stimulated and inhibited 14 days before respectively and the degree of stimulation and inhibition was related to napropamide concentration. Napropamide with different tested concentration could improve fungus growth after 45 d. Napropamide could activate soil respiration to varying degrees 14 days before and the soil respiration intensity showed the variation trend of recovery and inhibition 14 days later. Napropamide is identified as a non-hazardous pesticide according to classification standard of the hazard coefficient method.

关 键 词：敌草胺 土壤微生物 生物活性 

分 类 号：S482.46[农业科学—农药学]