受血者输血前相关传染性指标检测在医院感染控制中的意义  

Detected of associated contagious parameters of blood recipients before transfusion and their clinical significance

作　　者：李明雷 刘小香[2] 孙爱华[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省义乌中心医院输血科,义乌322000 [2]浙江医学高等专科学校

出　　处：《中华实验和临床病毒学杂志》2013年第1期54-56,共3页Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology

基　　金：浙江省卫生高层次创新人才培养工程项目

摘　　要：目的探讨患者输血前传染性疾病相关指标检测在医院感染控制中的意义。方法采用回顾性研究，对44968例输血前的患者进行乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原（HBsAg）、丙型肝炎病毒抗体（抗-CV）、人免疫缺陷病毒抗体（抗-HIV）以及梅毒螺旋体血清抗体（抗-TP）检测。结果总阳性率为22．41％，HBsAg阳性率20．67％（9294／44968），抗-HCV阳性率为0．33％（148／44968），抗-TP阳性率1．65％（9741／44968），抗-HIV阳性39例；39例抗-HIV阳性患者23例其他三项指标至少有一项阳性，其中合并感染梅毒最多有14例；乙肝、丙肝和（或）梅毒重叠感染者共117例，同时感染乙肝加丙肝或同时感染乙肝加梅毒较常见；消化科为乙肝的高发科室（X^2≥83．0，P〈0．01）。结论部分受血者在入院前就已感染了传染性疾病，输血前检测传染性指标可事先知悉患者的感染情况，对医院感染粹制、日后减少医患纠纷且右雷兽的意义。Objective To investigate the significance in prevention of nosocomial infection of the testing of the associated contagious parameters of blood recipients before transfusion. Methods A retrospective analysis was adopted, 44 968 pre-transfusion patients were tested the serum hepatitis B virus surface antigen （HBsAg） , antibody against hepatitis C virus （anti-HCV） , antibody against T. pallidum （anti-TP） and antibody against human immunodeficiency virus（anti-HIV）. Results The total positive rate was 22.41%. Positive rate of HBsAg, anti-HCV and anti-TP were 20. 67% （9294/44 968）, 0. 33% （ 148/ 44 968） and 1.65% （9741/44 968）, respectively; anti-HIV was positive in 39 patients, 23 cases co- infection of the other three indicators at least one positive in 39 cases of anti-HIV-positive blood recipients, of which was mostly observed T. pallidum; co-infection of HBV, HCV and/or TP were 117 cases, and were mostly observed between HBV and HCV, HCV and TP; for HBV infection the department of digestive medicine was prevalent（ X2 〉183.0, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion Part of blood recipients before admission had been infected with a contagious disease. The testing of the associated contagious parameters of blood recipients before transfusion is not only useful for both of the hospital and the patients, but also more important to ensure safe blood transfusion, decrease medial dissatisfaction and to prevent nosocomial infection.

关 键 词：输血 疾病传播 水平 交叉感染 

分 类 号：R446.6[医药卫生—诊断学]