类短命植物阿尔泰独尾草的解剖学研究  

Anatomy of An Ephemeroid Plant Eremurus altaicus

作　　者：田丽丽[1] 马淼[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学生命科学学院,石河子832003

出　　处：《植物研究》2013年第2期134-138,共5页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30960028)资助

摘　　要：通过常规石蜡切片法,对类短命植物阿尔泰独尾草的根、茎、叶、花等器官进行了解剖结构的研究。结果表明:阿尔泰独尾草的根系有明显的二型性,即有储藏根和吸收根的结构与功能分化,是其对生长发育快速、年休眠期长的类短命植物生活习性高度适应的结果;其营养器官表现出明显的旱生植物特征;储藏根与吸收根木质部的二型性及其内皮层的带状凯氏带增厚结构则说明独尾草属植物可能具有较为特殊的系统演化地位。The morphological features and anatomical structures of Eremurus altaicus （Pall.） Stev. were studied by the methods of traditional paraffin wax sections. The results showed： The root system of E. altaicus was composed of storage and absorbing roots with different anotomic structures and physiological functions, which was a result of ecological adaptation of the ephemeroid plant to its habit of fast growth and long-term annual dormancy; It was of lots of xerophyte characteristics, such as significant cortex and pith in root, cuticle on epidermis of leaf and stem, mass fundamental tissue in stem, ring-shaped palisade tissue, and highly-developed water-storage tissue, which suggested that E. altaicus might originate from arid habitat in early time although it is a mesophyte distributed in subalpine meadow; Two kinds of xylems in roots of the plant were found, xylem in storage root was polyarch, but it in absorbing root was diarch or penarch. There was a layer of obvious stripe-like casparian strips along the transverse walls and radial walls on endodermis cells. The diamorphism of xylem and stripe-like casparian strips on endodermis ceils suggested that Eremurus might be special taxa among the plant systematic tree.

关 键 词：阿尔泰独尾草 储藏根 吸收根 凯氏带 木质部二型性 演化 

分 类 号：Q949.718.23[生物学—植物学]