根据外部形态特征试论披碱草属3组植物间的系统关系  

Biosystematic Relationships among Three Sects' Plants in Elymus(Poaceae) Based on the External Morphological Characteristics

作　　者：苏旭[1,2] 刘玉萍[3] 杨淳彬[1] 柯君[1] 拉本[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海师范大学生命与地理科学学院,西宁810008 [2]青海师范大学青藏高原环境与资源教育部重点实验室,西宁810008 [3]青海师范大学思想政治理论课教学科研部,西宁810008

出　　处：《植物研究》2013年第2期139-144,共6页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31260052);青海省自然科学基金项目(2011-Z-745);青海师范大学科研创新计划项目(012050106);教育部"春晖计划"合作科研项目(Z2010078);青海师范大学博士科研启动经费(202500205)资助

摘　　要：通过对披碱草属中小颖组、宽颖组和长颖组种类外部形态的观察,总结了3组植物外部形态特征的异同,探讨了形态学特征的分类学意义。同时,根据3组植物外部形态性状—花序、小穗、小花、以及内稃的演化趋势,分析了各组的演化关系和系统位置。结果表明:小颖组最原始,宽颖组较进化,长颖组最高级;小颖组可能直接派生了较进化的宽颖组,并在宽颖组的基础上进而产生了最高级的长颖组。此外,本文对披碱草属参试种的系统关系也作了一定程度的探讨,结果显示圆锥披碱草最原始,墨西哥披碱草最进化,其余参试种居于两者之间。上述研究工作为整个披碱草属系统与进化方面的探讨提供了形态学方面的理论证据。The external morphology of the major species of sects. Elymus, Turczaninovia and Macrolepis in Elymus was analyzed, the similarities and the differences of the external morphological characteristics were summarized, and the taxonomic significance of external morphological features among them was discussed. Furthermore, according to the evolutionary trends of external morphological characters including inflorescences, spikelets, florets and paleas of three sects, their evolutionary positions and relationships were analyzed. The results show that the sect. Elymus is most primitive among three sects, the sect. Turczaninovia is advanced than the sect. Elymus, and the sect. Macrolepis is the most advanced sect. The sect. Elymus probably generated the sect. Turczaninovia, whereas the sect. Macrolepis was probably derived from the sect. Turczaninovia. The biosystematic relationships of tested species in Elymtts were also discussed. The research provides the theoretic foundation for further studying the systematics and evolution of Elymus.

关 键 词：小颖组 宽颖组 长颖组 外部形态特征 系统关系 

分 类 号：Q944.56[生物学—植物学]