新建地面气象自动站资料质量控制方法设计  

Quality control scheme for new-built automatic surface weather observation station's data

作　　者：徐枝芳 陈小菊[2] 王轶[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]国家气象中心,北京100081 [2]南京信息工程大学,南京210044 [3]成都信息工程学院,成都610225

出　　处：《气象科学》2013年第1期26-36,共11页Journal of the Meteorological Sciences

基　　金：公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY200806003;GYHY201006001;GYHY201006016;GYHY201106044)

摘　　要：随着观测系统的加强,中国陆续出现许多新建的地面台站、地面自动观测站,但对这些新出现的台站由于缺少长时间序列的历史观测资料,无法通过本站观测统计分析建立质量控制技术。本文在传统的质量控制方法基础上,将全国地面观测站按照地域和气候特征分为8个区域,利用过去25 a存档的地面观测资料建立一套适合于新建地面自动站资料控制技术,对气压和温度采用极值检查、时间一致性检查和空间一致性检查等方法进行质量控制。并利用该质量控制技术对华南、长江中下游及华北地区2005年地面资料进行质量控制,结果表明:该控制方案能有效地将有问题的资料标识出来,可为新建地面自动站资料的应用提供一定的质量保障。不同区域的资料质量控制检查需依据不同地区的气候特点进行划分和统计,这样更能保障质量控制后资料的质量。The automatic surface weather observation the enhancement of the observation system in China, and of the surface data. The effective Quality Control （QC） system is becoming more and more perfect with much attention has been paid to the application will be established for new automatic surface weather observation stations due to its lack of long term data. In this paper, whole national surface obser- vation stations are divided into eight parts according to the geographic and climatic characteristics. The surface observation data over the past 25 a is used to establish a new Qc scheme, which is designed for surface pressure and temperature data, and is based on three quality control techniques, such as the sta- tion extreme value check, the temporal consistency check,the space consistency check. And the new QC scheme is applied into surface data of 2005 in South China, Yangtze River and North China. Results show that the new QC scheme for the surface observation data can sort out wrong data effectively and pro- vide promising quality assurance for the data from the new-buih automatic weather stations. As surface observation data in different climate regions has different features, better results will be obtained when QC scheme is established with the local statistical value.

关 键 词：气象资料 地面自动站资料 质量控制 

分 类 号：P413[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]