生产建设项目用地土壤风蚀量监测方法与预报模型分析  

Discussion on monitoring methods and prediction models of wind erosion in production and construction projects

作　　者：杜鹏飞[1] 刘孝盈[1] 宁堆虎[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,国际泥沙研究培训中心,北京100048

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2013年第1期117-122,共6页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：水利部公益性行业科研专项“风力作用下扰动地表侵蚀预报关键技术研究”(201201047);中国水利水电科学院青年专项“世界主要国家水土保持政策研究”(沙集1220)

摘　　要：准确掌握生产建设项目用地土壤风蚀量是合理编制水土流失治理方案的必要前提和有效防控人为水土流失的重要基础;但目前对监测方法和预报模型的研究比较薄弱,一些研究中监测方法的适用性和模型参数的准确性还有待商榷。文章系统总结土壤风蚀的观测方法和预报模型,根据这些方法和模型的各自特点,分析它们在生产建设项目中的适用性。认为测扦法、调查法、扫描法、风蚀盘法、集沙仪法、核素示踪法以及Pasak模型和风蚀流失量公式都可以根据不同项目的实际情况和地区特征应用到生产实践中。在此基础上,讨论相关研究的发展方向。本文结果可为生产建设项目土壤风蚀量测算模型的构建提供参考。Acquiring accurate wind erosion amount is very important in the studies of wind erosion in the production and construction projects. It is helpful for the compilation of soil and water conservation schemes and for the prevention of soil and water loss. The studies on monitoring methods and prediction models, however, are still not enough. In some existent studies, it needs to think more about the suitability of monitoring methods and the accuracy of factors in different models. In order to provide production and construction projects with useful supports, this paper hence summarized monitoring methods and prediction models, which are applied widely in wind erosion. According to the respective characteristics of these methods and models, the suitability of them in production and construction projects has been analyzed. Based on this, methods such as erosion pins, investigation, scanning, traps, soil samplers, radionuclides, and models include Pasak and wind erosion loss prediction are recommended to measure or estimate the amount of wind erosion in various projects. Finally, the development directions of relative studies have been pointed out.

关 键 词：生产建设项目 风蚀量 监测方法 预报模型 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]