黄河三角洲暗管排水系统排水效果模拟研究  

Simulation study on effect of subsurface drainage system layout in the Yellow River delta

作　　者：刘文龙[1] 罗纨[1] 杨玉珍 卜凡敏 

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学西北水资源与环境生态实验室,陕西西安710048 [2]东营市黄河三角洲保护与发展研究中心,山东东营257091

出　　处：《水资源与水工程学报》2013年第1期30-34,共5页Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2009BAC55B02);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51079122)

摘　　要：我国黄河三角洲地区地势平坦,地下水埋深浅、含盐量高,夏季降雨集中,农业生产受到土壤盐渍化与涝渍灾害的威胁。因此排水系统建设是保证粮棉生产的一个重要条件。由于现行的排水设计规范依据的是农田水分调节的平均情况,忽略了水文过程的随机性与地区水文要素的特点。本文使用田间水文模型DRAINMOD模拟研究了黄河三角洲地区暗管排水系统布置的排水效果。模拟结果显示:在有效控制土壤盐分的前提下,采用"浅密型"暗管布置能够更好地调控农田水分,保证作物的正常生长;该布置能够显著减少地下排水输出,增蓄雨季淡水,有利于三角洲地区农业非点源污染控制及生态环境保护。"浅密型"暗管布置在防涝排渍以及防止海水入侵方面均优于当地现有的深沟型明排系统。本研究成果可为黄河三角洲地区农业生产发展与生态环境保护提供技术支撑。Agricultural production is threatened by waterlogged and soil salinization due to the flat relief,concentrated rainfall in summer,shallow ground water and high salinity in the Yellow River delta,construction of drainage systems thus becomes a prerequisite for production of food and cotton in this area.As the current standards for subsurface drainage design are developed on the basis of average soil moisture condition,the stochastic nature of the hydrological process and the special feature of the regional hydrological factors are neglected.This paper studied the effects of subsurface drainage systems layout with the field hydrology model-DRAINMOD.The results showed that shallow drainage may better perform on water control of farmland,non-point source reduction and sea water intrusion prevention than the traditional deep drainage ditches in the study area.The simulated total drainage discharge was significantly less with the shallow subsurface drainage layout than with the traditional deep ditch system.The results may provide practical guidance for agricultural production and ecological environment protection in the Yellow River Delta.

关 键 词：暗管排水 田间水文 DRAINMOD模型 涝渍灾害 黄河三角洲 

分 类 号：S276.3[农业科学—农业水土工程]