细胞核在植物防御反应中的作用  

The Role of the Nucleus in Plant Defense Response

作　　者：尹超[1] 李梅[1] 刘昱辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院生物技术研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《生物技术进展》2013年第1期12-17,共6页Current Biotechnology

基　　金：国家转基因生物新品种培育重大专项(2011ZX08009-003-005)资助

摘　　要：植物细胞与动物细胞一个基本的共同特征是细胞核与细胞质之间都存在着物质交换。大多数真核生物参与细胞核核膜运输的大分子具有保守性,这些细胞核组分的突变会损害植物体防御信号的传导,因此核质交换在植物先天性免疫中起重要作用。细胞核核膜对于防御调节因子在空间上的相互隔离,以及细胞受到外界刺激后相应调节因子受诱导发生易位进入细胞核,是植物体中相关防御基因表达调控的基础。病原微生物的无毒蛋白多数作用于植物细胞的细胞核;寄主的抗性蛋白、免疫元件、转录因子、转录调控因子等重要成分不断进行核质交换,并且这些寄主成分在细胞核内的积累量对植物防御反应的水平起着决定性的影响。这些实事都进一步说明了植物细胞核对于植物与病原微生物之间的相互作用具有重要影响。本文就细胞核对于植物体与病原微生物之间相互识别的重要性进行了新的论述。The exchanges of components between the cytoplasm and the nucleus exist in both the plant cells and and animal cells. The macromolecules involved in the nuclear membrane transport are conservative in most eukaryotes. These nuclei components mutations impair the signal transduction of plant defense. It indicates that nucleocytoplasmic exchange plays an important role in plants innate immunity. The spatial isolation of defense regulators by the nuclear envelope and stimulus induced nuclear translocation are of great significance to the defense-associated gene regulation in plants. Lots of effectors from various pathogens are targeted to the cell nucleus of host plants. Additionly, the frequent transport of important host factors, like R proteins, immunity components, transcription factors and transcriptional regulators between the cytoplasm and the nucleus, and their amounts in the nuclear determine the defense response of the host plants. All the facts show the importance of the nucleus in the interaction between plants and pathogens. This paper makes a summary of recent discoveries that show the significant role of nucleus played in the mutual recognition between pathogens and plants.

关 键 词：细胞核 核质运输 防御反应信号传导 植物免疫反应 

分 类 号：S432.2[农业科学—植物病理学]