阴离子为羧酸根和芳环共轭的离子液体在染料敏化太阳能电池中的应用  

Application of Ionic Liquids with Carboxyl and Aromatic Ring Conjugated Anions in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

作　　者：王海[1,2] 徐雪青[1] 史继富[1] 徐刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州能源研究所可再生能源与天然气水合物重点实验室,广州510640 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《物理化学学报》2013年第3期525-532,共8页Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21103194,21273241);广州市珠江科技新星专项(2012061);中国科学院广州能源研究所所长创新基金(y007r71001)资助项目~~

摘　　要：提出了利用p-π共轭效应设计离子液体的方法,p-π共轭效应可以有效分散阴离子的负电荷,降低离子液体中阴阳离子之间的库仑引力,以得到低粘度的离子液体.所设计的离子液体为1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑苯甲酸(EMIB)和1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑异烟酸(EMIIN)(它们的阴离子中羧酸根和芳环为p-π共轭结构),这两种离子液体都达到了较低的粘度(EMIB为42mPa·s,EMIIN为27mPa·s).进一步将这两种离子液体做成电解质,应用在染料敏化太阳能电池中,通过优化电解质的组成,EMIB基电解质达到了1.43mS·cm-1的电导率和1.45×10-7cm2·s-1的I-3的扩散系数,而EMIIN基电解质的电导率和I-3扩散系数分别为1.63mS·cm-1和2.01×10-7cm2·s-1,后者电导性能的提高主要和EMIIN粘度较低有关系.进一步将这两种电解质组装成电池,在300W·m-2的光强下测得EMIB基电池和EMIIN基电池的效率分别为2.85%和4.30%.A method of utilizing p-π conjugation effects for obtaining low-viscosity ionic liquids is presented.p-π conjugation effectively disperses anionic charge and reduces Coulombic interactions.Ionic liquids prepared in this study were 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium benzoate （EMIB） and 1-ethyl-3methylimidazolium isonicotinate （EMIIN）.They have carboxyl and aromatic ring p-π conjugated anions,and achieve low viscosities of 42 and 27 mPa · s,respectively.EMIB and EMIIN were employed as electrolytes,which were used to construct dye-sensitized solar cells （DSCs）.After optimizing the composition,the ionic conductivity and triiodide ionic diffusion constant for the EMIB-based electrolyte were 1.43mS · cm-1 and 1.45 × 10-7cm 2 · s-1,respectively.For the EMIIN-based electrolyte,the ionic conductivity and triiodide ionic diffusion constant were 1.63mS · cm-1 and 2.01×10-7cm 2 · s-1,respectively.These were higher than the corresponding values for the EMIB-based electrolyte because of EMIIN s lower viscosity.DSCs based on these two electrolytes attained satisfactory energy conversion efficiencies of 2.85% and 4.30% for EMIB and EMIIN,respectively,under an illumination intensity of 300 W · m-2.

关 键 词：离子液体 粘度 电解质 电导率 染料敏化太阳能电池 

分 类 号：O645.1[理学—物理化学] TM914.4[理学—化学]