新型真空直流限流断路器设计及其介质恢复特性  

A New DC Vacuum Current Limiting Circuit Breaker and Its Dielectric Recovery Characteristics

作　　者：徐国顺[1] 江壮贤[1] 庄劲武[1] 王晨[1] 武瑾[1] 刘路辉[1] 吴洪江[1] 

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学电气工程学院,武汉430033

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2013年第2期171-177,共7页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家青年自然科学基金资助项目(51207166)

摘　　要：针对传统强迫换流型断路器在关断高上升率短路电流时遇到的问题,本文提出了在高速真空开关两端反向并联续流二极管,并在小间隙下开断短路电流的改进方案。通过反向续流二极管的续流作用,使真空开关在电弧电流强迫过零后得到零电压介质恢复时间,提高了真空灭弧室的介质恢复能力,使其能够在小开距时关断高上升率短路电流。开展了新型强迫换流型限流断路器工作原理的仿真分析和高速电磁斥力机构、脉冲关断电路的设计。针对新型真空直流限流断路器关断短路电流的特殊过程,设计了与其等效的介质恢复试验,对方案可行性进行验证。设计了1kV/400A限流断路器样机并进行短路关断试验,该断路器可将初始上升率为5A/s的故障电流限流至2.5kA以下。试验结果证明所提出方案有效、可行。An improved scheme of forced artificial current zero is proposed, with a freewheel diode connected in reverse parallel to the high speed vacuum breaker. To solve the problem that traditional vacuum breaker met in breaking high di/（dt） short circuit current, a zero recovery period is obtained which can greatly improves the dielectric recovery of the vacuum interrupter. Thus, high di/（dt） short circuit current can be shut down immediately after the vacuum interrupter opens. The working principle of the new topology is analyzed and a high speed diving mechanism along with a reverse circuit are designed. Vacuum dielectric recovery test is conducted to proved the feasibility of the scheme. Finally, a lkV/400A prototype is developed and-breaking test with di/（dt） of 5A/μs is performed and the short circuit current is limited to be below 2.SkA.

关 键 词：直流真空断路器 电流强迫过零 真空介质恢复 关断试验 

分 类 号：TM561[电气工程—电器]