我国高铁强风灾害对策研究  

Countermeasure Research on National High-speed Railway Strong Wind Disasters

作　　者：马淑红 马韫娟[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆气象服务中心,乌鲁木齐100037 [2]清华大学,北京100084

出　　处：《中国科技信息》2013年第4期97-99,共3页China Science and Technology Information

基　　金：国家发改委资助课题

摘　　要：研究目的:强风天气对高速列车安全运行影响很大。研究高铁沿线强风、大风规律,以及最大风速垂直分布、最大瞬时风速水平分布、最大瞬时风速随时间变化及周期特征,提出防御对策,提高动车组安全运营能力和服务水平,减少强风灾害对列车安全运行的影响,达到安全、高效行车目的。研究结论:我国高铁沿线风随高度变化规律遵循幂指数分布,幂指数α取值1/4～1/12;我国高速铁路沿线最大瞬时风速水平分布是随着特殊风环境(高架桥、特大桥、高路堤、路堑、垭口、峡谷)呈现独特特征,以20m以上高架桥、特大桥、高路堤弯道及垭口、峡谷、狭管效应区间瞬时风速最大,深路堑和山谷瞬时风速最小。强横风区间短时间内瞬时风速随时间变化增量在±5.0m/s之间,最大瞬时风速随时间变化遵循正弦波周期。大风日数的分布规律受天气系统和地形影响的制约,以特大桥、高架桥、高路基弯道垭口、峡谷、山口、河谷、强风和大风日数最多。其中兰新二线百里风区强横风区间大风日数在157d～209d,是我国乃至世界高铁强风灾害最严重的区间之一。提出了我国高铁强风灾害防控对策由行车预警监控措施和防风栅及人工隧道防护措施组成,为我国高铁安全运营提供了技术保障。因此本项研究对于制定全国高铁强风灾害对策和安全行车技术标准及防灾减灾具有一定的指导意义。Research purpose： Strong wind weather have great impact on the safety operation of the high--speed train. The research is on the natural law along the railways, and the vertical and horizontal distribution of max wind speed, instant wind speed, and the regular wind change can be used to propose countermeasures to protect the train from wind disaster, enhance the high-speed operation ability, and realize the safety operation of high--speed railway train. Research conclusion： The wind strength of our national high--speed railways is in accordance with the Power Index distribution Which depends on the height change rule. The Power Index α is 1/4-- 1/12. Horizontally, the max, instant wind speed along our national high--speed railway is variable according to specific environment （high bridge, big bridge, high embankment, road cutting, narrow mountain pass and valley）. The strongest wind normally appears in high bridge （above 20m）, big bridge, turning point of high embankment, continuous Narrow Mountain passes, narrow pipe effect area. The weakest wend normally appears in deep road cutting and valley. area, the wind speed of ±5.0m/s, which n strong horizontal wind can change at the speed is in accordance with sine wave cycle. The lasting wind days is affected by weather system and geography. The strong wind often lasts in high bridge （above 20m）, big bridge, and turning point of high embankment, mountain mouth and valley. Among it, the wind in horizontal strong wind area of Lan--Xfn line2 can last 157d--209d, which is most serious disaster area domestically and around the world. The research proposed countermeasures consisting of traffic warning monitor, wind protective fence and artificial protective tunnel, which provide a safeguard for the safety operation of the high- speed railway train. The research has significance for the establishment of countermeasures of high-- speed railway wind disaster and technical standard of safety operation of the high-speed railway train.

关 键 词：高铁沿线 强风规律 强风灾害对策 

分 类 号：P429[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] U298[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理] X43[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]