高层建筑外立面U型结构火蔓延的实验研究  

Experimental study on the fire spread in high-rise buildings with U-shaped outside-facade structure

作　　者：李建涛[1] 闫维纲[2] 朱红亚[2] 王青松[2] 孙金华[2] 

机构地区：[1]天津市消防总队重点保卫处,天津300090 [2]中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室,安徽合肥230026

出　　处：《火灾科学》2012年第4期167-173,共7页Fire Safety Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究"973"计划(No.2012CB719702)资助

摘　　要：针对高层建筑中常见的U型外立面结构,对典型有机保温材料硬质聚氨酯泡沫(PU)进行了小尺度条件下的U型结构竖直火蔓延实验研究,分析了其区别于高层建筑普通结构的竖直火蔓延特性。实验结果表明,U型结构竖直方向火蔓延是一个非稳态的火蔓延过程,其火蔓延速度会随着时间的推进逐渐加速。在燃烧过程中U型结构会产生烟囱效应,促进火蔓延的发展,其强度随着U型结构因子的增大而增大,当结构因子大于1.2时,火蔓延加速过程趋于稳定。n this paper, the vertical fire spread experiments over small scale U-shaped structure with the typical organic thermal insulation material PU （polyurethane foam） were conducted. The vertical fire spread of the U-shaped structure and that of common structure were compared. The experimental results showed that the U-shaped structure vertical fire spread involves an acceleration process, The U-shaped structure of the high-rise building induces a chimney-like effect in the burning process which causes the acceleration of fire spread. The strength of the chimney-like effect increases when the structure factor is higher than 1.2.

关 键 词：高层建筑 外立面U型结构 火蔓延 结构因子 

分 类 号：TU551[建筑科学—建筑技术科学] X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]