栽培技术措施对山地核桃中幼树的促花促果作用  

Effects of cultivation technique measures on promoting blossoms and fruits of young and adult Juglans regia trees planted in hilly area

作　　者：熊新武[1] 陆斌 刘金凤 段继进 董均 蒋忠芝 苏为耿 李俊南[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省林业科学院漾濞核桃研究院,云南漾濞672500 [2]云南省林业技术推广总站,云南昆明650224 [3]保山市隆阳区林业局,云南保山678000

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2012年第10期79-83,99,共6页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：中央财政林业科技推广示范项目"山地核桃丰产栽培技术示范(2010-TQ3)"

摘　　要：为提高山区核桃栽培的效益,促进中幼年核桃早开花、早结果,以4年生漾濞泡核桃树为试材,分别进行修剪和在修剪的基础上进行螺旋环剥、砍八字、增施2 kg钾肥等处理,经3年试验,调查和综合比较分析抽枝情况、花枝率、果枝率、平均单株结果数。4种处理花枝率高低排列为螺旋环剥(58.1%)、增施K肥(53.4%)、砍八字(41.2%)、修剪(38.2%)、对照(24.2%);果枝率高低排列为螺旋环剥(45.8%)、增施2kg钾肥(41.8%)、砍八字(30.8%)、修剪(23.6%)、对照(13.2%);平均单株结果数最高为螺旋环剥,达394个,其次为增施2kg钾肥,为221个,砍八字为104个,修剪为92个,对照为51个。对山地核桃中幼树在修剪的基础上结合螺旋环剥、砍八字、增施钾肥等栽培技术措施能够促进中幼年核桃树早开花、早结果且增产效果明显。To raise the effectiveness ofJuglans regia cultivation in hilly area, promote young and adult Juglans regia trees to flower and fruit early, by taking 4-year-old of Juglans sigillata as the tested materials, after trimmed the tested trees were treated by spiral girdling method, cut the stems by skew cutting method in the east and the west direction, and added 2 kg potassium into the tree soils. After 3 years testing, the sprouting, flower branch rates, fruit branch rates, average number of single fruiting tree were investigated and compared. In the four treatments, the flower branch rates were as prune spiral girdling （58.1%） , adding 2 kg potassium （53.4%） , skew cutting stems （41.2%） , trimming （38.2%） , CK （24.2%） ; the fruit branch rates ranked as prune spiral girdling （45.8%） , adding 2 kg potassium （41.8%） , skew cutting stems （30.8%） , trimming （23.6%） , CK （13.2%） . The maximal average number of fruiting tree was produced by prtme spiral girdling（394furits）, the next by adding 2 kg potassium （221）, skew cutting stems （104） , trimming （92） , CK （51 ） . For the infant walnut in the hilly area, combining the cultivation techniques of trimming prune spiral girdling and, skew cutting stems and adding 2 kg potassium etc. could promote infant walnut to flower and fruit early, to increase yielding fruits obviously.

关 键 词：核桃 栽培技术 促花促果 

分 类 号：S759.3[农业科学—森林经理学]