硅藻土理化特性及改性研究进展  

Physicochemical properties,modification and research progress of diatomite

作　　者：朱健 王平[1] 雷明婧[1] 张伟丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学环境科学与工程研究中心,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2012年第12期61-66,共6页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：湖南省自然科学省市联合基金重点项目(12JJ8016);湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX2012B317);环保公益性行业科研专项(200909066);湖南省环境科学重点学科建设基金项目(2006180)

摘　　要：硅藻土因其具有多孔性和巨大的比表面积,可以有效地吸附重金属离子,是重金属离子的稳定载体。但硅藻土原矿杂质较多,这些杂质堵塞了硅藻土微孔,减少了硅藻土的比表面积,占据了硅藻土吸附点位,阻碍了溶液中的离子进入硅藻土孔道,同时硅藻土存在理化构造缺陷,这些因素限制了硅藻土吸附性能的发挥,也限制了硅藻土在含重金属离子废水处理上的应用。为了消除这些不利因素,硅藻土需要实施改性。本研究就硅藻土理化特性及其改性研究现状进行了综述,并提出了存在问题及展望。硅藻土改性研究应着力寻求更为先进的改性技术,着眼理化特性、吸附机制与改性技术之间的关联,注重各类改性技术的有机结合。Diatomite can adsorb and fix heavy metal ions effectively due to its porosity and enormous surface area. But original diatomite contains a lot of impurities, they block diatomite channels, reduce diatomite surface area, occupy diatomite adsorption sites, and stop heavy metal ions entering into diatomite channels. All of these are unfavorable for adsorption performance of heavy metal ions on diatomite, and limit the application of diatomite in treatment of industry wastewater containing heavy metal ions. In order to eliminate those unfavorable factors, diatomite should be modified. Researchprogress of diatomite modification and feature were summarized, and the problems and outlook of diatomite modification were put forward. Research of diatomite modification should focus on seeking upto-date modification technology, and the relations among diatomite feature, adsorption mechanism and modification technology, and emphasize the organic composition of different modification technologies.

关 键 词：硅藻土 理化特性 改性 吸附 

分 类 号：S715[农业科学—林学] X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]