苍南县中小学生伤害现状调查及负担分析  

Injury Incidence and Disease Burden Analysis on Primary and Middle Schools in Cangnan County

作　　者：杨道余[1] 王映辉[1] 陈廷瑞[1] 

机构地区：[1]苍南县疾病预防控制中心,浙江苍南325800

出　　处：《浙江预防医学》2012年第7期11-14,20,共5页Zhejiang Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：苍南县科技计划项目(2011S17)

摘　　要：目的了解苍南县中小学生伤害发生情况,分析影响因素和伤害负担。方法采用比例分层随机整群抽样方法,抽取4926名中小学生。采用自制问卷,调查过去一年伤害发生与处置情况。结果伤害和伤害事件发生率分别为25.94%(1278/4926)和40.84%(2012/4926)。跌倒、扭伤、刀割伤、交通伤、环境和自然因素受害居前5位。民办学校、农村学校、好动、视力异常、非独生子女和单亲家庭的学生伤害发生率高于公办学校、城镇学校、文静、视力正常、独生子女和双亲家庭的学生;初中组发生率最高,小学1～3年级组最低;做家务和高月花费是伤害的危险因素。平均每例伤者治疗/休息2.47 d,缺课1.17 d,家人陪护1.93 d,误工1.01 d,年人均费用337.85元。结论苍南县中小学生伤害发生率较高,负担重,伤害发生与个人、家庭、环境等因素有关;建立监测系统,开展健康教育,加强多部门合作,开展科研和干预十分必要。Objective The objective of this investigation is to understand the current situation of injuries and analyze their impact factors and injury burden. Methods The stratified random cluster sampling method was used to investigate the injuries and their management from 4926 students in questionnaire in past one year. Results Injury rate and injury event rate were 25.94% （1278/4926） and 40. 84% （2012/4926）, respectively. Falling down, sprain, punctured/incised wound, traffic accident, environmental and natural factors were among the top five injuries. Students who are up - and - about, abnormal vision, non - only child and from single parent family from private schools and rural school were higher injury rate than those who are gentle and quiet, normal vision, only child and two -parent family , from public schools and city schools, respectively; Incidence for the students of middle school group was the highest, but incidence for the students of one to three grades groups for primary school was the lowest. People with Doing homework and high cost per month were risk factors of injury. The injuried individuals were treated for2. 47 days on average per ease, absent school was 1.17days, day numbers of care of family members was l. 93 days, absent for work was l. 01days, eost per ease per year was 337. 85 yuan. Conclusion Theinjury rates was high and burden was heavy for primary school and high school. Occurrence of injury was associated with individual, family, environment. The injury is an unnegligible society and public health question. It is very necessary to establish surveillance system, to educate the public, to strengthen interagency cooperation, to scientifically investigate and to intervene the injuries.

关 键 词：伤害 学生 发生率 伤害负担 

分 类 号：R181.39[医药卫生—流行病学]