“怎么”的句法功能及其语法化过程初探  

Syntactic Functions and the Processes of Grammaticalization of “Zhen me”

作　　者：洪琳[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学国际教育学院,上海200030

出　　处：《徐州师范大学学报（教育科学版）》2012年第4期88-91,共4页Journal of Xuzhou Normal University(Educational Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：从语法化的一般演化规律出发,对"怎么"的六种询问句法功能及其语法化过程、规律及伴随条件进行初步探讨,从而看出"怎么"语法化的两个演变方向:一是由询问方式语法化为询问原因,句法上由内而外,直到独立成句;另一是由询问方式语法化为询问主体状况或性状的谓语,句法上由外而内,直到充当最低一级的句法成分定语。这两种语法化方向都遵循着隐喻的一般规律。Based on the general rules of gammaticalization, this paper addresses the six syntactic functions of ＂Zhen me＂ in requesting and the processes, rules and conditions of its grammaticalization. Research found that the grammaticalization of ＂ zhen me＂ changes in dual directions, one being cause request via requesting manners, which becomes absolute sentence from interior to exterior; one being predicate via requesting state and features, which becomes attribute （the lowest syntactic component） from exterior to interior. Metaphor is the mechanism that guides both directions of grammaticalization of ＂Zhen me＂.

关 键 词：“怎么” 句法功能 语法化 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]