黄河下游水沙及平滩流量的多时间尺度分析  

Multiple time scale analysis of water & sediment load and bankfull discharge of the lower Yellow River

作　　者：李梦楚[1] 胡春宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100038

出　　处：《中国水利水电科学研究院学报》2012年第3期166-173,共8页Journal of China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金创新群体基金项目(50721006);国家杰出青年基金项目(50725930)

摘　　要：本文运用小波分析方法,对黄河下游小浪底、花园口、高村、利津四站水沙序列及花园口、高村、利津三站平滩流量序列进行多时间尺度分析,得出黄河下游水量主要存在3a、9a、14a和23a变化周期,其中23a为最显著周期;沙量主要存在5a、11a、23a和36a变化周期,其中11a为最显著周期;平滩流量存在24a显著变化周期。水沙序列存在相似的多时间尺度变化特征,平滩流量序列受到水沙序列显著周期的影响。在不同尺度下,水沙与平滩流量序列变化特征也不同,各尺度下水沙变化与平滩流量变化不一致的影响因素可能为人类活动以及自然情况的影响,需进一步研究。突变点与时间尺度有密切关系。黄河下游水沙及平滩流量序列的突变点主要为1957、1968、1980、1991和2003年。Based on water ＆ sediment load series of Xiaolangdi, Huanyuankou, Gaocun, Lijin Station and bankfull discharge series of Huanyuankou, Gaocun, Lijin Station, the multi-time scale characteristics of the lower Yellow River are analyzed by using wavelet analysis in this paper. The results show that there are obvious periodic oscillations of 3a, 9a, 14a and 23a for the runoff series, the prime period is 23a; there are obvious periodic oscillations of 5a, lla, 23a and 36a for the sediment load series, the prime period is lla; there is obvious periodic oscillation of 24a for the bankfull discharge series. The multi-time scale characteristics of runoff and sediment load are similar, which influence the period of bankfull discharge series. Due to the natural factors and the actions of human being, the characteristics in different time scale are inconsistent. The point of discontinuity is related to time scale. The points of discontinuity of water＆sediment load and bankfull discharge series of the lower Yellow River are in 1957, 1968, 1980, 1991, 2003.

关 键 词：黄河下游 小波分析 多时间尺度 平滩流量 

分 类 号：TV143[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]